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UTHS Environmental Systems B Final ExaminationExamination., Exams of Science education

Texas State UniversityScience education

UTHS Environmental Systems B Final ExaminationExamination.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/14/2025

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UTHS Environmental Systems B – Final
Examination.
1. Which of the following changes would be a direct result of setting lower tailpipe
emissions? - Answer decreased nitrogen oxide levels in the air
2. Congress approved the Soil and Water Conservation Act in _______, and it gives the
___________ broad strategic assessment and planning powers for the conservation
and protection of soil, water, and related natural resources. - Answer 1977;
USDA
3. When comparing hydroponics to traditional agriculture, which of the following
statements is true? - Answer Hydroponics has less impact on the soil than
traditional agriculture
4. Which of the following is not an advantage of a hybrid car? - Answer batteries
need to be replaced often, since they're not rechargeable
5. Which of the following statements is not true of the Clean Water Act? - Answer
It gives the USDA the authority to implement water pollution control programs
6. Which of the following is a result of the Montreal Protocol? - Answer fewer
ozone depleting chemicals in the atmosphere
7. According the United States, which of the following must happen before they consider
joining the Kyoto Protocol? - Answer the global greenhouse gas emissions
requirements for developed and developing countries become more balanced
8. All of the following statements about eutrophication are true, except - Answer
Algal blooms release excessive amounts of greenhouse gases into the
atmosphere
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UTHS Environmental Systems B – Final

Examination.

  1. Which of the following changes would be a direct result of setting lower tailpipe emissions? - Answer decreased nitrogen oxide levels in the air
  2. Congress approved the Soil and Water Conservation Act in _______, and it gives the ___________ broad strategic assessment and planning powers for the conservation and protection of soil, water, and related natural resources. - Answer 1977; USDA
  3. When comparing hydroponics to traditional agriculture, which of the following statements is true? - Answer Hydroponics has less impact on the soil than traditional agriculture
  4. Which of the following is not an advantage of a hybrid car? - Answer batteries need to be replaced often, since they're not rechargeable
  5. Which of the following statements is not true of the Clean Water Act? - Answer It gives the USDA the authority to implement water pollution control programs
  6. Which of the following is a result of the Montreal Protocol? - Answer fewer ozone depleting chemicals in the atmosphere
  7. According the United States, which of the following must happen before they consider joining the Kyoto Protocol? - Answer the global greenhouse gas emissions requirements for developed and developing countries become more balanced
  8. All of the following statements about eutrophication are true, except - Answer Algal blooms release excessive amounts of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere
  1. You are purchasing hamburger meat at the grocery store. In front of you are two different products. Product A has a USDA Organic seal on its label. Product B is labeled "all natural," "fed a vegetarian diet," and "raised humanely." What is the most significant difference between the beef contained in these two products? - Answer The beef in product A was raised without the use of antibiotics and growth hormones. From the information available, we cannot infer if antibiotics or growth hormones were administered to the beef in product B.
  2. A major disadvantage of large-scale, commercial farming is — - Answer Water pollution caused by synthetic fertilizer runoff and manure lagoons
  3. Which of the following is not a negative environmental impact of palm oil production?
    • Answer Ozone layer depletion
  4. Oil, coal, and natural gas are considered to be nonrenewable energy resources because — - Answer They were formed over hundreds of millions of years and exist in finite amounts
  5. All of the following statements are true of nuclear power except — - Answer Nuclear power emits significant amounts of greenhouse gases
  6. Which of the statements above accurately describe advantages of wind power over coal power? - Answer It's a renewable energy resource and doesn't emit greenhouse gases
  7. Energy resources are divided into two categories based on whether or not they can be easily replenished. Which of the following statements most accurately describes a renewable energy source? - Answer Solar, because radiant energy is infinite and is not used up by photovoltaic panels
  8. At sea level and 30 degrees C, fully saturated fresh water holds between 7.56 and 14.62 ppm dissolved oxygen. You are conducting a water quality test of a local stream and you determine that the dissolved oxygen concentration is 5.02 ppm. Which of the following are likely causes of low dissolved oxygen levels in the stream? - Answer Fertilizer runoff from farmland, and warmer than normal water temperatures
  1. Coal and nuclear power provide the majority of global electricity production. How does conserving electricity pertain to the sustainability of nonrenewable resources? - Answer By conserving electricity, fewer nonrenewable resources are used which makes nonrenewable resources sustainable for a longer period of time.
  2. Which of the following is an example of a sustainable farming practice that relies on renewable resources? - Answer spreading compost to improve soil fertility
  3. Which of the following scientists made a significant contribution to agricultural technology in the 20th century? - Answer Norman Borlaug, Carl Bosch, Fritz Haber
  4. Industrialized agriculture is characterized by which of the following agricultural methods? - Answer synthetic fertilizer and pesticide application, and widespread irrigation systems
  5. Which of the following is an abiotic factor that is essential to the health and survival of consumers? - Answer oxygen
  6. Which of the following best describes a cost-benefit trade-off of Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs)? - Answer CAFOs have increased the speed and volume of meat production, while also producing massive amounts of air, water, and soil pollutants.
  7. Eutrophication occurs when — - Answer excess fertilizer pollutes waterways
  8. Nitrogen is a limiting factor for plants because — - Answer atmospheric nitrogen is unavailable to plants
  9. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of genetically engineered crops? - Answer gene transfer to humans
  10. Currently, in the United States, 94 percent of all soybeans and 93 percent of corn crops are genetically modified. Concerns about the increasing use of GMO crops are

primarily based on — - Answer ethical concerns about the unknown consequences of GMOs on human health and the environment.

  1. What is one advantage of an apple that is labeled with the USDA organic seal, over an apple that does not contain the organic seal? - Answer The USDA organic seal certifies that the apple was grown without the use of pesticides.
  2. Which of the following describes a sustainable farming method that recycles organic material to enhance soil fertility? - Answer composting
  3. One city design approach used to control urban growth is establishing greenbelts around the city peripheries. Greenbelts are important because they — - Answer provide habitats for organisms and open space for recreation
  4. Which of the following agricultural techniques does NOT replenish soil nutrients? - Answer tree removal
  5. The types of land use that cause the most damage to soil are — - Answer residential and commercial
  6. About 50% of the people on Earth live in urban areas, and the number of city dwellers increases every year. Which of the following are negative environmental consequences of the residential and commercial development that occurs with urban growth? - Answer topsoil erosion and pollution of air, water and soil
  7. Which of the following BEST explains how palm oil production contributes to climate change? - Answer Forests are cleared to create space for palm oil plantations and as a result, carbon- a greenhouse gas- is released into the atmosphere.
  8. One of the problems with palm oil is that it requires the conversion of __________ lands into ___________ lands, creating a variety of environmental problems including soil erosion, the destruction of carbons sinks, and a decrease in biodiversity in tropical regions. - Answer forest; agricultural
  1. Which of the following types of land management actively restores soil fertility by replenishing nutrients and maintaining soil structure and depth? - Answer agricultural
  2. The combustion of coal releases sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. Why is sulfur dioxide an environmental problem? - Answer sulfur dioxide causes acid rain
  3. Nuclear fission occurs when — - Answer a neutron collides with the nucleus of a uranium atom and the nucleus splits apart.
  4. If coal, oil, and natural gas reserves became so low in the year 2020 that it was no longer economically feasible to extract them for energy, what would be the most likely outcome? - Answer Renewable energy use would increase and greenhouse gas emissions would decrease.
  5. 1 kilowatt is equal to how many watts - Answer 1000 watts
  6. All of the following statements are true about ALL non-renewable energy resources except — - Answer The extraction and use of non-renewable energy resources produces carbon dioxide.
  7. Which of the following energy transformations takes place in the generator found inside a turbine of a thermal power plant? - Answer Mechanical energy to electrical energy
  8. Many environmentalist argue that nuclear power is more environmentally sustainable than fossil fuels. Which piece of evidence best supports this argument? - Answer Nuclear power contributes far fewer greenhouse gases to the atmosphere than fossil fuels.
  9. Three-Mile Island, Chernobyl and Fukushima are all examples of — - Answer Nuclear disasters
  1. Rank the following energy resources in the correct order from highest carbon dioxide emissions to lowest carbon dioxide emissions: - Answer Coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear fission
  2. Which statement(s) accurately describe concerns about the continued use of fossil fuels? - Answer Reserves of fossil fuels will become depleted over time, contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions and the extraction and combustion of fossil fuels pollutes drinking water.
  3. What type of fuel currently has the highest percentage of use for energy? - Answer Oil
  4. Which country gets the largest percentage of their energy from renewable resources? - Answer Brazil
  5. What is a major difference between renewable and non-renewable energy sources? - Answer Renewable energy sources can be replaced quickly whereas nonrenewable sources can take millions of years to replace.
  6. Which of the following statements best explains why renewable energy resources are referred to as alternative energy resources? - Answer Renewable resources are not used as often as non-renewable sources such as fossil fuels.
  7. Which type of renewable energy resource can only be harvested in about 15% of the United States? - Answer Wind
  8. Which of the following energy resources releases carbon dioxide as it is converted into usable energy? - Answer Biomass
  9. Over half of the energy source in San Francisco comes from geysers. Geysers fall under what type of renewable energy source? - Answer Geothermal
  1. Which of the followings statement correctly describes this pollution event? - Answer The Deepwater Horizon, a point source of water pollution, leaked an organic chemical pollutant into the ocean.
  2. Which of the following atmospheric pollutants is responsible for the formation of acid rain, which acidifies lakes and streams, corrodes metals, and dissolves limestone and marble structures? - Answer Sulfur Dioxide
  3. In developing countries, pathogens should be characterized as — - Answer Water pollutants from nonpoint sources.
  4. A backed-up sewage system is running into a local river. This is an example of — - Answer point source of water pollution
  5. Which of the following is a nonpoint source of pollution? - Answer oil leaking from vehicles onto a roadway
  6. All of the following units are commonly used to discuss pollution concentrations EXCEPT — - Answer parts per milliliter
  7. As the temperature of water increases, the solubility of oxygen in the water — - Answer decreases, lowering the carrying capacity of aquatic animals.
  8. Which of the following statements most accurately describes the Great Pacific Garbage Patch? - Answer The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is formed by ocean currents that carry plastic waste produced by land-based human activities.
  9. Potassium nitrate fertilizer can most accurately be described as — - Answer a non-point source of water pollution On a warm July day, the temperature of Lake Austin was recorded at 27.78 degrees C. On the same day, the temperature at Barton Springs Pool was 21.78 degrees C.
  1. As compared to Lake Austin, Barton Springs Pool likely had ______ concentrations of oxygen and _______ concentrations of solid pollutants - Answer higher; lower
  2. Which of the following greenhouse gases is produced by both deforestation and the combustion of fossil fuels? - Answer Carbon dioxide
  3. From a societal perspective, an "ideal" cod catch is one that would — - Answer leave enough fish uncaught each year to reproduce and therefore maintain the size of the available fish stock.
  4. Tragedy of the commons refers to the idea that, given the choice, individuals will — - Answer choose their own profit over the common good.
  5. Which of the statement(s) above explain why natural resources are particularly prone to depletion and pollution? - Answer Natural resources are often commonly owned and they have great economic value.
  6. Commercial activities such as fishing have both costs and benefits. Which of the following statements best describes the costs associated with overfishing cod? - Answer Cod stock becomes depleted and economic profits decline.
  7. Hardin was the first individual to express the idea that individual interest prevails over collective interest. T or F? - Answer False
  8. Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas? - Answer Chlorofluorocarbons
  9. Why is the greenhouse effect considered to be an essential, natural process? - Answer It is a process that traps heat close to the earth, which sustains life.
  10. Which of the following is NOT evidence that climate change is occurring? - Answer The hole in the ozone layer
  1. True or false: Chlorofluorocarbons contain heavy metals - Answer False- they contain halogens like chlorine and flourine
  2. Which of the following is not an example of a global warming positive feedback loop? - Answer As earth heats, increased evaporation produces additional clouds, reflecting infrared radiation back into space, slowing warming.
  3. Where is photochemical smog produced? - Answer Troposphere
  4. How does tropospheric ozone affect humans? - Answer It causes respiratory issues
  5. Human activity produces the highest concentration of which greenhouse gas? - Answer Carbon dioxide
  6. Climate change effects the environment in all of the following ways except — - Answer Stratospheric ozone depletion
  7. _____ set quantitative limits on the permissible amount of specific air pollutants that may be released from specific sources over specific time frames. - Answer Emission Standards
  8. Globally, __________ are the largest contributors to carbon dioxide emissions. - Answer Buildings
  9. The method of growing plants in a water-nutrient solution instead of soil is known as — - Answer hydroponics
  10. The first legislated tailpipe emission standard was passed by which US State? - Answer California