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strong versus weak acids, Exercises of Biochemistry

University of Northern Philippines (UNP)Biochemistry

difference in how strong and weak acids dissociate in water

Typology: Exercises

2020/2021
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BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY.
INSTRUCTOR: APRIL ELLEN B. BACCAY, BSChE, RChT
Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES
Vigan City, Ilocos Sur
College of Arts and Sciences
Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Activity: Strong vs. Weak Acids
Instructions:
Go to the following simulation:
https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/acid-base-
solutions/latest/acid-base-solutions_en.html
Click on “My Solution”
Pre-lab:
1.) Write the dissociations for the follow acids:
HCl (strong): Dissociation equation for HCl: HCl(aq) -----> H+(aq) + Cl-(aq). So, H+ + Cl-.
HC2H3O2 (weak): Dissociation equation for HC2H3O2: HC2H3O2(aq) ---> C2H3O2-(aq) + H+(aq). So, C2H3O2- + H+
2.) What is the difference in how strong and weak acids dissociate in water?
Strong acids are strong electrolyte which completely dissociate in water. They produce their
constituent ions while weak acids are weak electrolytes which partially dissociate in aqueous solution
to produce their constituent ion or do not dissociate completely.
Part A: Strong Acid dissociations versus Weak Acid Dissociations
1. In the simulation, use the slider and set the initial concentration
to 0.010 M and set the acid strength to “strong”.
2. Under Views, click molecules. How do the numbers of
molecules of the molecular acid compare to the number of
cations and anions?
The number of molecules in molecular acid are negligible in
comparison to the number of cat ions and anions.
3. Under views, click Graph. Sketch the bar graph in the box
provided. Ignore water.
Graph for Strong Acid
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BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY.

Republic of the Philippines UNIVERSITY OF NORTHERN PHILIPPINES Vigan City, Ilocos Sur

College of Arts and Sciences Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences

Activity: Strong vs. Weak Acids

Instructions:  Go to the following simulation: https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/acid-base- solutions/latest/acid-base-solutions_en.html  Click on “My Solution”

Pre-lab: 1.) Write the dissociations for the follow acids:

HCl (strong): Dissociation equation for HCl: HCl(aq) -----> H+(aq) + Cl-(aq). So, H+^ + Cl-.

HC 2 H 3 O 2 (weak): Dissociation equation for HC2H3O2: HC2H3O2(aq) ---> C2H3O2-(aq) + H+(aq). So, C 2 H 3 O 2 -^ + H+

2.) What is the difference in how strong and weak acids dissociate in water? Strong acids are strong electrolyte which completely dissociate in water. They produce their constituent ions while weak acids are weak electrolytes which partially dissociate in aqueous solution to produce their constituent ion or do not dissociate completely.

Part A: Strong Acid dissociations versus Weak Acid Dissociations

  1. In the simulation, use the slider and set the initial concentration to 0.010 M and set the acid strength to “strong”.
  2. Under Views, click molecules. How do the numbers of molecules of the molecular acid compare to the number of cations and anions? The number of molecules in molecular acid are negligible in comparison to the number of cat ions and anions.
  3. Under views, click Graph. Sketch the bar graph in the box provided. Ignore water.

Graph for Strong Acid

BIOCHEMISTRY LABORATORY.

  1. Under view click back to “molecules”. Now change the acid strength to “weak”. How does the weak acid bar graph differ from the strong acid? Why? The difference between the weak acid bar graph and strong acid bar graph is, the strong acids differ in ionizing solution: strong acids are fully ionized while weak acids are only partially ionized. Additionally, ionization of weak acids is reversible, and it solution contains multiple and uncharged particles.
  2. Under views, click Graph. Sketch the bar graph to the right. Ignore water.
  3. Summary Questions: Which has more [H+] in solution – the strong or weak acid? How do you know from looking at pH that this solution has more [H+]? (Hint: Is the solution more acidic or less acidic?) There is less H+^ concentration in a weak acids compared to strong acids. This is because weak acids only partially dissociate in water, while strong acids are able to dissociate completely. Strong acids in water produce the maximum number of H+^ ions.

Part B: pH, [H+] for strong acids versus weak acids.

  1. In the simulation, set initial concentration to 0.0010 M and set the strength to “strong”. Under views, click “molecules”.
  2. Move the pH probe into the beaker. Record the pH in the table below.
  3. Change the strength to “weak”. Record the pH in the table below.
  4. Repeat for the other concentrations listed in the table below.

Initial Concentration

pH for Strong Acid pH for Weak Acid

0.0010 M 3.00 5.

0.010 M 2.0 4.

0.10 M 1.00 4.

1.0 M 0.00 3.

  1. In general, what happens to pH as acid concentration increases? As acid initial concentration increases, the pH values decreases.
  2. Compare the strong acid and the weak acid at the same concentration. a. How do their pHs differ? Strong acids are dissociate fully and more soluble in water to produce a maximum number of [H+]; pH of strong acid will be lower than the pH of weak acid since weak acids are only partially ionized because their bases are strong enough to complete successfully with water for possession of protons.

Graph for Weak Acid