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LESSON INTELLECTUAL REVOLUTIONS THAT DEFINED SOCIETY SGT — At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to: «discuss how the ideas postulated by Copernicus, Darwin, and Freud contributed to the spark of sientific revolution; and * analyze how scientific revolution is done in various parts of the world like in Latin America, Eas: Asia, Middle East, and Africa, This lesson will give light to the development of science and scientific ideas in the heart of the society. It is the goal of this lesson to articulate ways by which society is transformed by science and technology. r Scientific Revolution ‘Science is as old as the world itself. There it no individual that can exactly identify when anc witere science begau. From the genesis of time, science has existed. It is always interwoven with the society. So, how can Scitnce be defined? |. Science as am idea, It includes ideas, theories, and all available systematic explanations and observations about the natural and physical world. } Science, Technology, and Society 2. Sclence as an intellectual activity. It enco.npasses a systematic and practical study of the natural and physical world. This process of study involves systematic observation and experimentation, 3. Science as a body of knowledge. It is a subject or a discipline, a field of study, or a body of knowledge that deals with the Process of learning about the natural and physical world. This ‘is What we refer to as school science. 4. Science as a personal end social activity. This explains that science is both knowledge and activities done by human beings to develop better understanding of the world around them. It is a means to improve life and to survive in life. It is interwoven with people's lives, Human beings have embarked in scientific activities in orderto know and understand everything around them. They have persistently observed and studied the natural and the physical world in order to find meanings and seek answers to many questions, They have developed noble ideas, later known as philosophy, to provide alternative or possible explanations to certain phenomena. Humans also used religion to rationalize the origins of life and all lifeless forms. The idea of scientific revolution is claimed to have started in the early 16th century up to the 1th century in Europe. Why in Europe? The probable answer is the invention of the printing machine and the ‘blooming intellectual activities done in various places of learning, and the growing number of scholars in various fields of human interests, This does not mean, however, that science is a foreign idea transported from other areas of the globe. Anyone who can examine the history of scicace, technology, medicine, and mathematics is aware that all great civilizations of the ancient world had their own sophisticated traditions and activities related to these disciplines. Scientific revolution was the period of enlightenment when the developments in the fields of mathematics, physics, astronomy, biology, and chemistry transformed the views of society about nature, It explained ‘the emergence or birth of moder science as a result of these developments ‘Chapter I: General Concepts and Historical Events In Science, Technology, and Socley = £3 Sua aie 
