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Rasmussen MDC III - Exam 1 Questions And Answers
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▪ chancre ▪ fever ▪ headache ▪ muscle aches ▪ rash Late: ▪ organ failure ▪ blindness ▪ neuro changes - correct answer ✅S/S: Syphilis C. Syphilis - correct answer ✅A 20-year-old sexually active male reports symptoms of a low-grade fever, headache, malaise, muscular aches, sore throat, and a rash on his hands and feet. What condition does the nurse anticipate? A. HIV B. HPV
C. Syphilis D. Gonorrhea Primary syphilis - correct answer ✅Which stage of syphilis is this? ▪ Ulcer called chancre develop at the site of entry and can occur anywhere. ▪ Highly infectious stage, begins as a small papule, then breaks down to a painless, indurated, smooth weeping lesion Secondary syphilis - correct answer ✅Which stage of syphilis is this? ▪ Develops 6 weeks to 6 months, becomes systemic circulating in the blood. ▪ Commonly mistaken for the flu. Rash appears on the palmar surfaces of hands and feet. Patchy alopecia ▪ Penicillin G
▪ hormone levels ▪ low blood pressure S/S: ▪ dizziness ▪ weakness ▪ fatigue ▪ SOB - correct answer ✅Patient has heavy vaginal bleeding - What are you checking and what manifestations do you expect? ▪ Kegel exercises ▪ Bladder training ▪ No drinking after 5pm or 6pm ▪ Avoid foods or drinks with caffeine ▪ Skin care ▪ Proper hygiene - correct answer ✅Patient Education: Urinary Incontinence
▪ distended bladder ▪ visible mass above the symphysis pubis ▪ difficulty initiating urination ▪ decreased urine stream ▪ diminished force of urinary stream ▪ urinary hesitancy ▪ urinary frequency ▪ urinary urgency ▪ urinary retention ▪ incontinence ▪ incomplete emptying of the bladder ▪ dribbling post-voiding ▪ nocturia ▪ hematuria ▪ straining with urination ▪ obstruction of urine flow presents as a uniform, elastic non-tender enlargement - correct answer ✅S/S: BPH
▪ Chemotherapy ▪ Alcohol and drug abuse ▪ Trauma or surgery to the pelvic area ▪ Lumbosacral injuries ▪ Pelvic fractures ▪ Neurological diseases (Parkinson's and multiple sclerosis) ▪ Inflammation of seminal vesicles, urethra, and prostate ▪ Prostatectomy, TURP ▪ Poor overall health that prevents sexual intercourse ▪ DVT, PE ▪ Cardiac issues - correct answer ✅Risk factors for ED ▪ respect to privacy ▪ nonjudgmental ▪ open ended Qs "Tell me more..."
"It sounds like..." - correct answer ✅Therapeutic communication... bone - correct answer ✅Prostate Cancer - Where is the most common site for metastasis? Phosphorus (>4.5) Potassium (> 5.0) Magnesium (> 2.5) Calcium (>10.5) Creatinine (> 1.2) BUN (> 20) Liver enzymes - correct answer ✅Blood levels that might be elevated if prostate CA has metastasized to the bone (SATA?) ▪ PSA
Modifiable ▪ Lack of exercise ▪ Diet ▪ Alcohol consumption ▪ Obesity ▪ Lack of breastfeeding ▪ Breast implants ▪ Smoking ▪ Medications such as birth control and hormone therapy ▪ No pregnancies (nulliparity) - correct answer ✅Risk Factors: Breast CA mammogram -> breast biopsy - correct answer ✅If a patient comes in and found a breast lump, what is the process after that? self-examination mammograms - start at age 45 - correct answer ✅Screening: Breast CA
total hysterectomy - correct answer ✅Treatment: Endometrial (Uterine) CA ▪ respiratory depression ▪ check drains ▪ pain management ▪ DVT/PE - given heparin/lovenox ▪ infection ▪ bleeding ▪ check for urinary retention ▪ mobilize the patient ▪ pulmonary hygiene - correct answer ✅Post-surgical care (ex: hysterectomy) B. Heavy vaginal bleeding with clots - correct answer ✅A client returns from surgery after a laparoscopic total abdominal hysterectomy. On initial assessment, which finding by the nurse requires immediate intervention?
cervical ablation - correct answer ✅Treatment for Cervical Cancer FOR AT LEAST 4 WEEKS ▪ Refraining from sexual intercourse for 2-3 days after the procedure. ▪ Do not use tampons or douche. ▪ Do not take tub baths. ▪ Avoid heavy lifting. ▪ Report vaginal bleeding, foul-smelling drainage, or fever. ▪ Bed rest - correct answer ✅Post-cervical ablation care ▪ medications ▪ drugs/alcohol ▪ infarct of kidney, liver, heart ▪ anything that causes decrease in perfusion (dehydration, hypovolemia, shock, cardiac) ▪ Decreased blood flow
▪ Damage to the kidneys by disease processes ▪ Blockage of the urinary tract - correct answer ✅Causes: Acute Kidney Injury ▪ dialysis (severe) - ESRD, CKD ▪ treat the underlying cause ▪ fluid replacement for hypovolemia ▪ fluid restriction in low urine output ▪ hemodialysis ▪ diuretics ▪ Kayexalate 30 g - loose BMs is a successful treatment ▪ monitor I&Os and daily weights. - correct answer ✅Treatment: Acute Kidney Injury
▪ signs of bleeding ▪ check fistula for thrill and bruit ▪ sterile technique with dressing changes ▪ port site clean with dialysis catheter - correct answer ✅Nursing Care: Dialysis ▪ no blood pressure on that side ▪ no blood draws on that side ▪ no IV medications on that side ▪ put on a limb alert bracelet - correct answer ✅Patient Education: Fistula D. Check for a bruit and thrill by auscultation and palpation over the site. - correct answer ✅A 70-year-old woman with chronic kidney disease and a history of type 2 diabetes had surgery two weeks ago to place a vascular graft access for hemodialysis. Which precaution will the nurse follow to ensure the function of the AV graft? A. Insert an IV and run saline at 10 mL/hr. B. Keep the patient's arm elevated on two pillows.
C. Monitor blood pressure and radial pulses in both arms. D. Check for a bruit and thrill by auscultation and palpation over the site. ▪ flank pain ▪ fever ▪ N/V ▪ difficulty urinating ▪ elevated WBC - correct answer ✅S/S: Urolithiasis and Pyelonephritis ▪ pyelonephritis is the result of repeated upper UTIs in patients with anatomy abnormalities of the urinary tract ▪ imaging, like a CT scan - correct answer ✅Since the s/s of urolithiasis and pyelonephritis are so similar, how you diagnose the difference? B. 27-year-old female with urinary reflux - correct answer ✅The nurse is caring for four patients. Which patient does the nurse identify as at highest risk for acute pyelonephritis?
▪ anergia ▪ hematuria ▪ proteinuria ▪ nocturia ▪ decreased urination ▪ altered urinary elimination ▪ *painful urination ▪ weight loss ▪ N/V ▪ dyspnea ▪ edema lower extremities ▪ elevated BP ▪ jugular vein distention ▪ anemia from reduced production of erythropoietin ▪ hypercholesterolemia ▪ "cardiac complications" - correct answer ✅S/S: Acute Glomerulonephritis Genetics
▪ autosomal dominant, which usually appears between the ages of 30 to 50 ▪ autosomal recessive, which has a childhood onset and progresses rapidly to end-stage kidney disease. - correct answer ✅Risk Factors: Polycystic Kidney Disease ▪ pain - first symptom ▪ CVA tenderness ▪ constipation ▪ cyst bleeding ▪ changes in urine color or frequency ▪ hypertension ▪ headaches ▪ abdominal distention and pain ▪ dysuria ▪ hematuria ▪ nocturia ▪ kidney stone formation - correct answer ✅S/S: Polycystic Kidney Disease
