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Nursing Assessment and Interventions for Cardiac Medications, Exams of Pharmacology

Nursing Assessment and Interventions for Cardiac Medications

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/12/2025

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Nursing Assessment and Interventions for
Cardiac Medications
Potassium chloride intravenously is prescribed for a client with hypokalemia. Which
actions should the nurse take to plan for preparation and administration of the
potassium? Select all that apply.
Obtain IV pump, monitor urine output, make sure it’s diluted, make sure bag is labeled,
monitor IV site
A client with atrial fibrillation is receiving a continuous heparin infusion at 1000
units/hour. The nurse determines that the client is receiving the therapeutic effect
based on which results?
Activated PTT of 60
The nurse provides discharge instructions to a client who is taking warfarin sodium.
Which statement, by the client, reflects the need for further teaching?
No aspirin!!!
A client who is receiving digoxin daily has a serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L (3
mmol/L) and is complaining of anorexia. The health care provider prescribes a
serum digoxin level to be done. The nurse checks the results and should expect to
note which level that is outside of the therapeutic range?
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A client is being treated with procainamide for a cardiac dysrhythmia. Following
intravenous administration of the medication, the client complains of dizziness. What
intervention should the nurse take first?
Auscultate apical pulse and BP
The nurse is monitoring a client who is taking propranolol. Which assessment finding
indicates a potential adverse complication associated with this medication?
Development of wheezes
A client with a clot in the right atrium is receiving a heparin sodium infusion at 1000
units/hour and warfarin sodium 7.5 mg at 5:00 p.m. daily. The morning laboratory
results are as follows: activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), 32 seconds;
international normalized ratio (INR), 1.3. The nurse should take which action based
on the client's laboratory results?
Collaborate with the HCP to obtain a prescription to increase the heparin infusion
and administer the warfarin sodium as prescribed.
A client is diagnosed with an ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and
is receiving a tissue plasminogen activator, alteplase. Which action is a priority
nursing intervention?
Monitor for signs of bleeding
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Nursing Assessment and Interventions for

Cardiac Medications

Potassium chloride intravenously is prescribed for a client with hypokalemia. Which actions should the nurse take to plan for preparation and administration of the potassium? Select all that apply.

Obtain IV pump, monitor urine output, make sure it’s diluted, make sure bag is labeled,

monitor IV site

A client with atrial fibrillation is receiving a continuous heparin infusion at 1000 units/hour. The nurse determines that the client is receiving the therapeutic effect based on which results?

Activated PTT of 60

The nurse provides discharge instructions to a client who is taking warfarin sodium. Which statement, by the client, reflects the need for further teaching?

No aspirin!!!

A client who is receiving digoxin daily has a serum potassium level of 3 mEq/L ( mmol/L) and is complaining of anorexia. The health care provider prescribes a serum digoxin level to be done. The nurse checks the results and should expect to note which level that is outside of the therapeutic range?

A client is being treated with procainamide for a cardiac dysrhythmia. Following intravenous administration of the medication, the client complains of dizziness. What intervention should the nurse take first?

Auscultate apical pulse and BP

The nurse is monitoring a client who is taking propranolol. Which assessment finding indicates a potential adverse complication associated with this medication?

Development of wheezes

A client with a clot in the right atrium is receiving a heparin sodium infusion at 1000 units/hour and warfarin sodium 7.5 mg at 5:00 p.m. daily. The morning laboratory results are as follows: activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), 32 seconds; international normalized ratio (INR), 1.3. The nurse should take which action based on the client's laboratory results? Collaborate with the HCP to obtain a prescription to increase the heparin infusion and administer the warfarin sodium as prescribed. A client is diagnosed with an ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and is receiving a tissue plasminogen activator, alteplase. Which action is a priority nursing intervention?

Monitor for signs of bleeding

The nurse is planning to administer hydrochlorothiazide to a client. The nurse should monitor for which adverse effects related to the administration of this medication?

Hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, sulfa allergy

The home health care nurse is visiting a client with elevated triglyceride levels and a serum cholesterol level of 398 mg/dL (10 mmol/L). The client is taking cholestyramine

A thrombolytic is administered in the hospital emergency department to a client who has had a myocardial infarction. The client's spouse asks the nurse about the purpose of the medication. The nurse bases the response on which fact regarding

this medication? Dissolve thrombi that have already formed

A client who had surgery 3 days earlier is receiving heparin sulfate by subcutaneous injection every 12 hours. In planning for the client's morning care, the priority nursing intervention is which action?

Shave using an electric razor

A client scheduled to take a subcutaneous anticoagulant at home says to the nurse, "I'm not sure I will be able to take this medication at home." Which statement by the nurse is appropriate?

“What are your concerns?”

A client is being discharged on warfarin sodium, and the nurse provides instructions to the client regarding the medication. Which statement, if made by the client, indicates to the nurse that the client understands the teaching provided?

If I notice blood tinged urine, I’ll call the provider

A client receives education regarding self-administration of enoxaparin on discharge to home. The client complains, "I feel as if the health care provider is discharging me too soon if I still have to take injections at home." Which response should the nurse

make? Research shows it’s best for patients to administer this medication at home

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking warfarin. The nurse notes the presence of gross hematuria and large areas of bruising on the client's body. The nurse notifies the health care provider (HCP) and ensures that which prescribed

medication is available? Vitamin K

The home care nurse has given instructions to a client who is beginning therapy with digoxin. The nurse determines a need for further teaching if the client makes which statement?

If I miss a dose I should take two the next day

A client who began medication therapy with prazosin hydrochloride 1 week earlier arrives at the health care clinic for follow-up evaluation and care. The nurse interprets that the client is experiencing the expected benefit of therapy if which is noted?

Decreased BP

A hypertensive client has been prescribed clonidine hydrochloride, a transdermal patch. The nurse provides written instructions to the client on the use of the patch. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further instruction?

I need to change the patch every 24 hours

A client with hypertension has begun taking spironolactone. The nurse teaches the client to limit intake of which food?

Citrus fruits

A client who is taking chlorothiazide comes to the clinic for periodic evaluation. In monitoring the client's laboratory test results for medication side effects, what is the clinic nurse most likely to note if a side or adverse effect is present?

Hypokalemia

A client is taking amiloride 10 mg orally daily. What medication instruction should the nurse provide to the client?

Take dose in the morning

Lisinopril has been prescribed for a client. What should the nurse instruct the client about this medication?

Rise slowly from sitting to standing

A health care provider (HCP) prescribes quinidine gluconate for a client. The nurse decides to withhold the medication and contact the HCP if which assessment finding is documented in the client's medical record?

Complete AV block

A client is to be discharged from the hospital on quinidine gluconate to control ventricular ectopy. The nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?

I need to stop this medication immediately if…

A client has been prescribed pindolol for hypertension. The nurse provides anticipatory guidance, knowing that which common side effect of this medication may decrease client compliance?

Impotence

A client receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has a history of heart failure. The health care provider (HCP) has prescribed furosemide 40 mg by mouth daily to prevent fluid overload. Which laboratory value should the nurse monitor to identify the presence of an adverse effect of this medication?

Potassium

A client with heart failure is scheduled to be discharged to home with digoxin and furosemide as daily prescribed medications. The nurse tells the client to report which finding as an indication that the medications are not having the intended effect?

Weight gain

A client with pulmonary edema has a prescription to receive morphine sulfate intravenously. The nurse should determine that the client is experiencing an intended effect of the medication as indicated by which assessment finding?

Relief of apprehension

The nurse has provided instructions to a client receiving enalapril maleate. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?

“Need to notify provider if fatigue occurs”

The health care provider (HCP) writes a prescription for lisinopril for a hospitalized client. The nurse caring for the client determines that the medication has been prescribed to treat which disorder?

Hypertension

A client taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to treat hypertension calls the clinic nurse and reports that he has a dry, nonproductive cough that is very bothersome. The nurse should respond by making which statement?

Medication may need to be changed

The home care nurse visits a client with a diagnosis of unstable angina. The client is taking acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) on a daily basis to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Which medication dose would the nurse expect the client to be

taking? 300-

The nurse prepares to teach a client with subarachnoid hemorrhage about the effects of nimodipine. The nurse plans to explain which information about the type and action of this medication?

Calcium channel blocker to decrease spasms

A client is being treated for moderate hypertension and has been taking diltiazem for several months. The client schedules an appointment with the health care provider because of episodes of chest pain, and Prinzmetal's angina is diagnosed. The client asks the nurse which therapeutic effects the medication will provide and the nurse provides education. Which statement by the client indicates that the teaching has been effective?

Prevents influx of calcium in cardiac muscle

A client with chronic atrial fibrillation is being started on quinidine sulfate as maintenance therapy for dysrhythmia suppression, and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction?

I will stop taking my anticoagulant after starting this medication

Fenofibrate is prescribed for a client with hyperlipidemia. The nurse reviews the client's medical history for the presence of what condition that contraindicates the use of this medication?

Cirrhosis of the liver

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), or aspirin, has been prescribed for a client with angina, and the client asks the nurse how the medication will help. The nurse responds that this medication has been prescribed for which purpose?

Inhibit platelet aggregation

The nurse is providing education to a client who is being started on atenolol. Which statement by the client indicates that teaching has been effective?

Taking this for hypertension

Headache

A client seen in the health care clinic for follow-up care is taking atorvastatin. The nurse should assess the client for which adverse effect of the medication? Photosensitivity Atorvastatin has been prescribed for a client, and the nurse provides instructions to the client about the medication. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching? I won’t need to adhere to a low fat diet The nurse is reviewing the use of diltiazem for clients with Prinzmetal's variant angina. The nurse should provide information based on which action of the medication? Inhibits calcium movement across the cell membranes of cardiac muscle A client with cardiac disease has begun taking propranolol, and the nurse provides information to the client about the medication. The nurse should tell the client to contact the health care provider (HCP) if which symptoms develop? Night cough and dyspnea Hydrochlorothiazide has been prescribed for a client. The nurse contacts the health care provider (HCP) to verify the prescription if which condition is noted in the assessment data? Allergy to sulfa A client is seen in the clinic complaining of anorexia and nausea. The health care provider (HCP) suspects that the client may be experiencing digoxin toxicity. While waiting for test results to become available, the nurse should assess the client for which sign or symptom that would support a diagnosis of digoxin toxicity? Photophobia The nurse is administering a dose of intravenous hydralazine to a client. The nurse should ensure that which item is in place before injecting the medication? BP cuff The nurse is performing an assessment on a client with a diagnosis of chronic angina pectoris. The client is receiving sotalol orally daily. Which assessment finding indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing a side or adverse effect related to the medication? Palpitations The nurse is caring for a client with hypertension who is receiving torsemide orally daily. Which laboratory test result would indicate to the nurse that the client may be experiencing a side or adverse effect related to the medication? A low potassium level The nurse has given a client information about the use of nitroglycerin sublingual tablets. The client has a prescription for PRN (as needed) use if chest pain occurs. Which client statement indicates an understanding of this medication? I need to discard meds 6-9 months after opening

The nurse has given a client the prescribed dose of intravenous hydralazine. The nurse evaluates the effectiveness of the medication by monitoring which client parameter? Blood pressure The nurse has completed giving medication instructions to a client receiving benazepril. Which client statement indicates to the nurse that the client needs further instruction? Can use salt substitutes and eat foods high in potassium The nurse has conducted medication instructions with a client receiving lovastatin. Which periodic blood study will be necessary and included in the client's instructions? Liver function tests Daily administration of dipyridamole has been prescribed for the client, and the nurse teaches the client about the medication. Which client statement indicates an understanding of the instructions? If I take this with Warfarin it will protect my artificial valve A client in the postpartum care unit who is recovering from disseminated intravascular coagulopathy is to be discharged on low dosages of an anticoagulant medication. In developing home care instructions for this client, the nurse should include which priority safety instruction regarding this medication?

Avoid aspirin

Levothyroxine is prescribed for a client diagnosed with hypothyroidism. The nurse reviews the client's record and notes that the client is presently taking warfarin. The nurse contacts the health care provider (HCP), anticipating that the HCP will prescribe which medication? Decreased dose of Warfarin A new registered nurse (RN) prepares to administer sodium polystyrene sulfonate to a client. Before administering the medication, the nurse reviews the action of the medication with another RN. Which statement by the new RN indicates that the teaching has been effective? Sodium ions exchanged for potassium ions A home health nurse instructs a client about the use of a nitrate patch. The nurse should make which statement to the client to prevent client tolerance to nitrates? Have a 12 hour no nitrate time A client with nausea and bradycardia is admitted to a medical unit. The family hands the nurse a small white envelope labeled "heart pill." The envelope is sent to the pharmacy and it is found to be digoxin. A family member states, "That health care provider doesn't know how to take care of my family." Which statement would convey a therapeutic response by the nurse? You are concerned about your loved one

A client is on enalapril for the treatment of hypertension. The nurse teaches the client to seek emergent care if which is experienced? Swelling of the toungue

The nurse has completed medication administration that included a nitroglycerin. Within minutes, the client is complaining of a headache. Which is the priority nursing action at this time? Administer prescribed analgesic A client is admitted to the emergency department with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). The health care provider (HCP) prescribes the administration of alteplase. The registered nurse (RN) preceptor is orienting a new RN in the use of this medication. Which statement by the new RN indicates that teaching has been effective? Administer 4-6 hours after onset of chest pain The nurse is preparing to administer furosemide to a client with a diagnosis of heart failure. Which is the most important laboratory test result for the nurse to check before administering this medication? Potassium The nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 40 mg by intravenous (IV) injection (IV push) to a client. The nurse should administer the medication over which time period? 2 mins A health care provider (HCP) writes a prescription for digoxin, 0.25 mg daily. The nurse teaches the client about the medication and tells the client that it is most important to be sure to implement which measure? Withhold and call if HR is less than 60 Atenolol hydrochloride is prescribed for a hospitalized client. The nurse should perform which action as a priority before administering this medication? Check client’s BP A man has developed atrial fibrillation and has been placed on warfarin. The nurse is doing discharge dietary teaching with the client and determines that the client needs additional education if he states that he would choose which food while taking this medication? Broccoli A client with heart disease is taking digoxin and complains of having no appetite and experiencing diarrhea and blurry vision. The nurse notes that the client's serum potassium level is 3.0 mEq/L (3.0 mmol/L). Based on analysis of the data, what might the nurse expect to note when reviewing the digoxin level results? Higher than 0. The nurse is providing medication information to a client who is beginning medication therapy with enalapril. The nurse should tell the client that which is an anticipated, although unpleasant, side effect of this medication? Persistent dry cough A client has recently begun medication therapy with propranolol. The long-term care nurse should plan to notify the health care provider (HCP) if which assessment

finding is noted? Audible wheezes