Download NUR2571 Final Exam (GI/GU) Questions And Answers Rasmussen and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
And Answers Rasmussen
Dysphagia (Assessment) - correct answer ✅Difficulty swallowing liquids or solids. Recurrent pulmonary infections. (Related to aspiration) Coughing after eating or drinking. Dysphagia (Diagnostics) - correct answer ✅Barium swallow test or an endoscopic evaluation. Swallow studies are preformed by occupational therapy, NOT the nurse. The nurse can do a swallow screening and request a consult with OT for further evaluation. Dysphagia (Nursing Interventions) - correct answer ✅Provide the patient with thickened fluids and foods.
- Do not provide a patient on thickened fluids with a straw! Keep the patients head of bed at 30-45 degrees to prevent aspiration.
And Answers Rasmussen
Appendicitis (S/S) - correct answer ✅Generalized abdominal pain that progressively worsens. Nausea and vomiting Localized RLQ pain (McBurney's Point)** Rebound tenderness. A patient admitted with appendicitis is scheduled for an appendectomy tomorrow. As the nurse you are evaluating the patients pain, the patient states their pain suddenly went away. What does this indicate? - correct answer ✅Sudden relief of pain indicates that the appendix has ruptured. This is a medical emergency that will require the patient to go in for emergency surgery. A ruptured appendix places the patient at a high risk for developing septicemia. The nurse is admitting a child with a diagnosis of "Rule out appendicitis" The nurse assesses this client for which manifestations? (SATA) a. Generalized abdominal pain
And Answers Rasmussen
Heat therapy is a beneficial way of managing pain in a patient with appendicitis. - correct answer ✅FALSE Heat stimulates vasodialation and allows for the spread of infection. COLD is the only therapy that should be utilized. Ulcerative Colitis - correct answer ✅Chronic inflammation of the colon. Characterized by remissions and exacerbation. Inflammation develops into abscesses that penetrate mucosa. Ulcerative Colitis (S/S) - correct answer ✅10 or more liquid stools every day Abdominal pain Dehydration Tachycardia Anemia Abdominal distension
And Answers Rasmussen
Complications of UC - correct answer ✅Hemorrhage Abscess Toxic mega colon Absorption Bowel obstruction Bowel perforation Ulcerative Colitis (Nursing Interventions) - correct answer ✅In severe cases the patient may be given TPN and have an NPO order to promote bowel rest. Teach patient to avoid trigger foods.
- Whole-grains, seeds, nuts, alcohol, caffeine, pepper. Surgical interventions may be required.
- Ileostomy The client who has ulcerative colitis is scheduled for an ileostomy. When the client asks the nurse what to expect related to bowel function and care after surgery, what response should the nurse make?
And Answers Rasmussen
Medications for UC - correct answer ✅glucorticoids (Prednisone)
- Used during exacerbations to decrease inflammation Salicylate compounds (Sulfasazine, mesalamine)
- Maintain re-missive periods. Immunosuppressants (Azathioprine)
- Decrease immune response/inflammation. Antidiarrheals
- Symptom management Crohn's Disease - correct answer ✅Chronic inflammation if the intestinal tract. Characterized by cobblestone appearance of lesions that extend through full thickness of abdominal wall. Prone to fistula formation.** Crohn's Disease (S/S) - correct answer ✅5 - 6 loose stools daily. Abdominal pain Low-grade fever**
And Answers Rasmussen
Weight loss Fluid/electrolyte imbalance
- Metabolic acidosis Crohn's Disease (Nursing interventions) - correct answer ✅High caloric, high protein diet. Antidiarrheals Salocylate-containing compounds Corticosteroids Immunomodulators TPN during exacerbation to promote bowel rest. The client returning from a colonoscopy has been given a diagnosis of Crohn's disease. The oncoming shift nurse expects to note which of the following manifestations in the client? (SATA) a. Steatorrhea b. Firm, rigid abdomen c. Constipation d. Enlarged hemorrhoids
And Answers Rasmussen
Diverticulitis (Patho) - correct answer ✅Increased pressure on the bowel wall due to a low fiber diet causes diverticula to become inflamed when undigested food or bacteria become trapped. Diverticulitis (S/S) - correct answer ✅Mild to severe LLQ pain Generalized abdominal pain IF perforation occurs. Alternating bowel habits.
- Constipation to diarrhea Bowel Perforation (S/S) - correct answer ✅Fever Chills Tachycardia Generalized abdominal pain A barium enema is contraindicated for what condition? a. Crohn's Disease
And Answers Rasmussen
b. Diverticulitis c. Colon Cancer d. Constipation - correct answer ✅Answer: B; A barium enema can be used to detect colon cancer and will not have an adverse affect on a patient who is constipated. Barium enema's are used to find diverticuli, but when these are in a state of inflammation the test is contraindicated. Diverticulitis (Management/Treatment) - correct answer ✅Colon resection in 25% of cases. Antibiotics Analgesics Stool softeners Dietary modifications
- During exacerbation, dietary fiber should be decreased, however after inflammation has resolved it is recommended to increase dietary fiber. Bowel rest Increase fluid intake to 2-3L per day.
And Answers Rasmussen
Functional Incontinence - correct answer ✅Involuntary, unpredictable loss of urine. Total Incontinence - correct answer ✅Continuous and unpredictable loss of urine. Urinary Incontinence (Medications) - correct answer ✅Anticholinergics for stress incontinence. Antihistamines Estrogen therapy Administer diuretics early in the day. Which instruction, if included by the nurse in the care plan for an older adult who has "leaking urine," would be most effective in strengthening pelvic muscles? a. When coughing, bear down in the standing position. b. Percuss the lower abdomen for dull sounds, indicating a distended bladder. c. Observe for bladder fullness immediately after voiding. d. Stop the stream of urine during the middle of urination - correct answer ✅Answer: D; Interrupting the flow of urine assists
And Answers Rasmussen
the external urethra to contract and strengthens pelvic floor muscles. Coughing and bearing down will worsen urinary incontinence, regardless of whether the client is standing or sitting. Percussion is an assessment technique and does not constitute an intervention for incontinence. Observing for bladder fullness after voiding is an assessment technique, not an intervention. A nurse is instructing an older adult client about cataract prevention. The nurse will instruct the client that which factors increase the incidence of cataract development? Select all that apply. a. Ultraviolet light b. Injury c. Vitamin A d. Viral infections e. Eyestrain - correct answer ✅Answer: A, B, D; Ultraviolet light, injury, and viral infections increase the incidence of cataract development. The nurse recommends the use of sunglasses, eye protection, and safety throughout the lifespan. Vitamin A and eyestrain do not increase the risk of cataract development.
And Answers Rasmussen
Urinary Tract Infection (Treatment) - correct answer ✅Increase fluid intake to 3L/day Antibiotics specific to organism Antispasmosdics for bladder spasms Phenazopyridine (Azo) for symptom treatment.
- May turn urine orange. Urinary Tract Infection (DX) - correct answer ✅UA will have an elevated WBC count.
