Download NSG 6020: EAR,NOSE AND THROAT EXAM WITH SOLUTIONS 2023 and more Exams Medicine in PDF only on Docsity!
o Causes of sensorineural hearing loss include all of the following except: perforated tympanic membrane o Ophthalmoscopic examination of a 30-year-old w/a history of an eye injury 3 years ago, reveals a superficial grayish-white opacity in the right cornea. This may be indicative of a: corneal scar o Gingival hyperplasia could be seen in all the following conditions except: in patients diagnosed with diabetes
o Examination of the eye reveals a painful, erythematous, and tender area around the nose and lower eyelid. This condition is most likely: dacryocystitis o When examining pupillary equality, the left pupil is slightly greater than the right pupil. This condition is termed: anisocoria o The Rinne hearing test allows the examiner to screen for: conductive hearing loss o The usual position of the trachea is located: in the middle of the anterior neck behind the jugular notch of the manubrium o All of the following are examples of causes of sensorineural hearing loss in children except: the presence of cerumen impaction o One of the main differences between a migraine headache and tension headache is that: migraine headaches have a rapid onset whereas, tension headaches appear gradually o A deviated uvula w/o swelling may be suggestive of a: vagus nerve lesion o Examination of the nose and paranasal sinuses reveal local tenderness, pain, fever, and rhinorrhea. These symptoms are suggestive of: acute sinusitis of the frontal and maxillary sinuses o To visualize the ear canal and the tympanic membrane of an adult, use the otoscope w/: the largest ear speculum the canal will accommodate o Eyelid retraction with exophthalmos presents as: a retracted eyelid w/a wide-eyed stare o Ophthalmoscopic examination of the retina reveals AV banking. This appears as if the: vein is twisted on the distal side of the artery o Ophthalmoscopic examination of the fundus reveals blood anterior to the retina and obscuring retinal vessels. These findings are consistent w/: preretinal hemorrhages
o The middle ear consists of: the malleus, incus, and the stapes o The majority of people who present w/ non-24 hour -sleep-wake disorder are: totally blind o The function of the labyrinth in the inner ear is to: maintain equilibrium o Assessment of a Pt’s visual acuity resulted in 20/200 using the Snellen eye chart. This means that: at 20 feet the patient can read printed information that a person with normal vision could read at 200 feet o Otosclerosis is an example of a(n): conductive hearing loss o When examining the eyes, the right pupil reacts briskly to light, near effort, and is much smaller than the left pupil. This condition is mostly likely: Horner’s syndrome o A reduction in vision in one or both eyes causing loss of binocular vision is termed: amblyopia o Examples of sudden, painful, unilateral visual loss include all the following except: retinal detachment o One of the refractive errors of vision that presents w/ symptoms of blurriness and improved w/ corrective lens, is known as: astigmatism o A Pt presents w/ c/o burning, itching, tearing, and some pain in the eye. Findings reveal red, scaly, greasy flakes and thickened, crusted lid margin. This would be suggestive of: blepharitis o All of the following diseases may be associated with the appearance of a strawberry tongue except: rubeola o A granulomatous eyelid cyst or nodule that is painless and erythematous is
termed: Chalazion o The most common disorder of visual acuity in children is: myopia o Round and oval shaped lesions surrounded by erythematous mucosa and noted on an area of the oral mucosa may be: aphthous ulcers o A deposit of uric acid crystals appearing as hard nodules on the helix or antihelix is termed: a tophi o When assessing extraocular movements: include the cardinal directions of gaze o Ophthalmoscopic examination reveals dark specks noted between the fundus and the lens. These specks are most likely: vitreous floaters
condition is termed: glossitis o A patient was diagnosed as nearsighted. The term for this condition is: myopia o When the corneal reflex is stimulated by shining the light in the right eye, the right eye blinks. The left eye: blinks o During the newborn's physical assessment of the mouth, the soft and hard palates are palpated to detect: an opening in the palates o The acronym for pupils that are equal, round, react to light and accommodate is: PERRLA
o If a patient has a history of heat intolerance with a preference to light clothing, this behavior could be consistent with: hyperthyroidism o When administering ear drops to a 6-year-old, the pinna should be pulled: upward and back o A person who has been blind since birth presents for a physical exam. Expected findings of the pupillary reaction when light is shown would be: it depends o A buildup of excess fluid around the periphery of the eye orbits is known as: periorbital edema o What visual acuity constitutes legal blindness? Visual acuity of 20/200 or worse in the better eye with corrected lens o Sudden bilateral and painless visual loss is rare but can be associated with all the following except: chemical exposure o The Rinne test uses a tuning fork to test hearing. The frequency range closest to that of conversational speech would be one with a frequency of: 512Hz o Which of the following screening tests for hearing loss can detect both sensorineural and conductive hearing loss? Weber Test o Raised or flat, deep purple colored lesions noted in the mouth may be suggestive of: Kaposi's sarcoma o When comparing veins and arteries in the eyes of older adults, the arteries appear: less brilliant o The gradual loss of vision with a change in color and size of the optic disc is
o When examining the pupils, the left pupil is noted to be fixed and dilated to light and near accommodation. This condition may be suggestive: oculomotor nerve (CN III) paralysis o When a person shifts gaze from a near object to a far object, the pupils: dilate o A term used to describe drainage from the nose is: rhinorrhea o An infant with a suspected hearing loss: does not babble o The fleshly projection of the earlobe is known as the: lobule o Sudden visual loss suggests: retinal detachment o The conductive and sensorineural phases are necessary for hearing to take place. The conductive phase of hearing involves the: external auditory canal and the middle ear o 40-year-old male was umpiring a little league baseball game when he was hit in the face with flying debris. He presents with decreased vision and severe pain in the left eye. Findings reveal watery, left ocular discharge. The pupils are normal in appearance and the cornea is slightly cloudy with areas of corneal erythema. These findings are most consistent with: corneal injury o The sphenoidal sinuses: are located behind the ethmoidal sinuses o Examination of the nasolacrimal duct reveals a mucopurulent discharge from the puncta. This finding is suggestive of: an obstructed nasolacrimal duct o The Weber test uses a tuning fork to test hearing. The frequency range closest to that of conversational speech would be one with a frequency of: 512 Hz o That portion of the ear that consists of the auricle and ear canal is the: external ear o The whispered voice test allows the examiner to screen for: general hearing loss o A Pt presents w/ findings of pain, warmth, redness, and swelling below the inner canthus toward nose. Tearing is present and when pressure is applied to the lacrimal sac, purulent discharge from the puncta is noted. This is suggestive of: dacryocystitis o A cyclist sustained an avulsion of the upper central incisor. If he is unable to position the tooth in the socket until he is able to be seen by a dentist, he should: place the tooth between the molars and the inside of the cheek
o 60-year-old was concerned about a yellowish colored lesion above her right eyelid. Findings revealed a slightly raised yellowish, well circumscribed plaque along the nasal area of her right eyelid. This finding is most consistent with: xanthelasma o 57-year-old man with a history of diabetes complains of difficulty hearing on the telephone and muffled sounds while watching the television at a low volume. He should be further evaluated for: presbycusis o Which of the paranasal sinuses are accessible to clinical examination? Frontal sinuses o Findings following assessment of a person's gaze include the inability of the left eye to look down when turned inward. This condition is most consistent with: left cranial nerve IV (trochlear) paralysis o One cause of nasal septum perforation may be: intranasal use of cocaine o Drooping of the upper eyelid is termed: ptosis o 8-year-old c/o itching in the right ear & increased in pain when the pinna is pulled, or the tragus is palpated. Exam reveals slight redness in the ear canal w/a clear odorless fluid. This could be suggestive of: otitis externa. o A localized staphylococcal infection of the hair follicles at the lid margin is suggestive of: a hordeolum o What connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx? The proximal end of the eustachian tube o When a light beam shines into one pupil causing pupillary constriction in that eye, the term used is: direct reaction to light o A Pt is able to recognize distant objects but has difficulty reading a book’s small print. This describes: hyperopia o A Pt is able to read a magazine w/o difficulty but cannot distinguish distant objects. This
o Person’s eye gaze included both eyes moving in the same direction simultaneously: conjugate gaze o 35-year-old Pt c/o vertigo accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Exam reveals bilateral diplopia and an unsteady gait. These symptoms could be suggestive of: a neurological condition o An example of a cause of conductive hearing loss in children would be: the presence of a peanut in the ear for three weeks o Ophthalmoscopic exam of the retina reveals a normal arteriovenous crossing. This appears as if the: vein crosses beneath the artery o 50-year-old Pt presents w/ c/o seeing double bilaterally. Exam reveals a vertical diplopia. This maybe suggestive of a: palsy of cranial nerve III or IV o Ophthalmoscopic exam of the retina reveals AV tapering. This appears as if the: vein “wind” down on either side of the artery o A condition that involves optic nerve damage and visual field changes is termed: glaucoma o The most common cause of bacterial pharyngeal infection in children is: group A beta- hemolytic streptococcus o Janeway lesions of the palms and soles appear as: small, nontender, erythematous nodules o A softening of the skin at the angles of the mouth which maybe due to nutritional deficiency is commonly referred to as: angular cheilitis
o The maxillary sinuses: surround the nasal cavity o Sudden bilateral and painful visual loss is rare but can be associated w/: radiation exposure o Eversion of the upper eyelid can be performed by placing the cotton applicator on the upper lid above the level of the internal tarsal plates and then: gently push down w/the stick and left the lashes up & flip the lid inside out o On Ophthalmoscopic exam of a 70-year-old, a thin grayish white arc is noted on the lower end of the cornea. This appearance is referred to as a: corneal arcus o 50-year-old Pt c/o being unable to read the hymnal at church. This describes: presbyopia o The ossicles are located in the: middle ear
indurated margins on the lateral tongue o Children who pick their noses are at a higher risk for development of: epistaxis o A teenage c/o itching and burning of his eye. Examination reveals an erythematous eyelid margin w/ crusting and a clear mucus discharge. These findings are consistent w/: blepharitis o A Pt w/ diagnosed as being farsighted. The term for this condition is: hyperopia
o Ptosis is defined as: drooping of the eyelid o Actinic cheilitis is a condition of the lower lip most commonly seen in: fair-skinned men who work outdoors o 30-year-old Pt present w/ c/o seeing double in the right eye. Exam reveals diplopia in the right eye when the left eye is closed. This maybe suggestive of: a problem in the cornea o On exam of the tympanic membrane, red bulging ear drum is detected. This is consistent w/: acute otitis media o The ethmoidal sinuses: are located between the eyes o 45-year-old Pt c/o vertigo, tinnitus, and pressure in the right ear. These symptoms are consistent w/: Meniere’s disease o When examining the eyes, both pupils appear small and have an irregular shape. They are noted to accommodate but do not appear to react to light. This could be indicative of: Argyll Robertson pupils o The lacrimal puncta are located: along the margin of the upper and lower eyelids o If there is an abnormal protrusion, what condition should be suspected if there is an abnormal protrusion of the eye? Graves’ disease o Mydriasis is a term used to describe: dilation of the pupils o A toddler w/a suspected hearing loss would: likely communicate through gestures o 6-year-old child presents w/ sore throat, difficulty swallowing and a temp 102F. Findings reveal lymphadenopathy and pharyngeal erythema. This is probably: pharyngitis o 60-year-old Pt presents with severe, deep left eye pain. Findings reveal dilated and fixed left pupil and the cornea is cloudy. There is no ocular discharge noted. These findings are most likely consistent w/: acute angle closure glaucoma o Where in the mouth would reddened areas, nodules, or ulcerations that are suspicious of
o A fine rhythmic oscillation of the eyes is termed: nystagmus o Findings following assessment of a person’s left eye gaze include impaired movements when attempting to look upward, downward, or inward. This condition is most consistent w/: left cranial nerve III (oculomotor) paralysis o A Pt c/o seeing specks that obscure his line of vision when he looks in a certain direction. This impairment could be caused by: scotomas o Surgical perforation of the tympanic membrane to allow drainage of middle ear secretions is termed: a myringotomy o A Pt presents w/ c/o earache, blood tinged d/c from the ear, and hearing loss. Findings reveal painful hemorrhagic vesicles on the tympanic membrane and the ear canal. These findings and symptoms are suggestive of: bullous myringitis o An inward turning of the lower lid margin is called: entropion o 6-year-old c/ that something is in her left eye. There is a red raised area of the left lid. There is redness and tenderness of the eye and tearing. These findings are consistent w/: a hordeolum o The Pt c/o seeing floating spots. This is consistent w: a detached retina o 45-year-old female c/o frequent attacks of dizziness accompanied by a sense of fullness in the right ear, headache, nausea, reduced hearing in the right ear. This Pt may need further workup for: Meniere’s disease o On ophthalmoscopic examination, optic atrophy appears: white o When inspecting the neck for the thyroid gland, slightly tilt the Pt’s head back, and using tangential lighting directed downward from the tip of the Pt’s chin, inspect the: region below the cricoid cartilage
