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N3_TATM2.3_Thuongmai university
Typology: Exercises
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1. Câu hỏi mẫu 1: Question 1 (4 pts) Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word given in brackets
to work on, or to be given two incoming engineers to help him develop a new idea. It’s these kinds of incentives - autonomy, more time, and more resources - that creative people respond to.’ B. Cummings’ research looks at how managers can structure work environments so that creativity is both fostered and rewarded at a time when many companies are still worried about losing their best talent to dot.coms, a lot of whom offer at least the promise of fast easy money.‘We’re all good at something, but we’re not all good at everything,’ she says. ‘A manager’s job is to identify those areas where their employees are most creative, most productive and/or most fulfilled, and then come up with ways to give them autonomy to pursue ideas in those fields. It’s less about having a carrot out there as an incentive and more about figuring out where this person will bloom and taking constraints out of his or her way ... In the end, creativity leads to a better work environment. We are all more efficient and more productive when we are doing something we feel engaged by.’ C. As part of her research, Cummings has studied where truly innovative ideas in companies originate. A good innovative has to be useful, well thought out, grounded in a real context, and able to be implemented. But if there is a good plan going in, you reward that regardless of the financial outcome. D. Traditional companies need to offer a different culture if they are to prevent staff from drifting to others. It may be the opportunity to work for the company for a long time during which the employee is supported, encouraged to grow and given the resources to try out new ideas. It may be life balance incentives, or time to work offsite. It may also be age-related. Different incentives mean different things to a 27-year-old versus a 40-year-old. E. Sometimes it is the little things that managers can alter that can improve work situations. For example, advantages may accrue from allowing employees to use personal stereo headsets on the job. Job productivity actually increases because employees can more easily shut out distractions and concentrate more fully on the project at hand. And when space is tight, Cummings suggests building in as much privacy as possible. i. Companies should reward the preparation and practicality behind a project. ii. Minor changes can improve employees’ output. iii. Rewards rather than money can be more meaningful. iv. Companies should reward the originality of a proposed project. v. Companies should take a broader approach to staff incentives. vi. One way to foster creativity is by correctly identifying which employees to support. vii. One way to foster creativity is by understanding how individuals perform at their best.
II. Writing: Write an essay of 300 – 500 words on the following topic. How do you agree or disagree with the statement: “The customer is always right”?