Download Michigan Ornamental Pest Management MDARD Exam with verified answers and more Exams Pest Management in PDF only on Docsity!
Ornamental !| Pest !| Management !| MDARD !|
Exam !| with !| verified !| answers
According !| to !| the !| Federal !| Insecticide, !| Fungicide, !| and !| Rodenticide !| act: !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔commercial !| pesticide !| applicators !| using !| RUPs !| must !| be !| certified Under !| the !| endangered !| species !| act, !| who !| is !| responsible !| for !| making !| sure !| pesticide !| applications !| do !| not !| affect !| endangered !| species? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔The !| applicator, !| must !| check !| with !| EPA Outline !| the !| conditions !| under !| which !| federal !| law !| permits !| the !| control !| of !| migratory !| birds !| without !| a !| Federal !| Depredation !| Permit. !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔The !| control !| of !| redwinged, !| rusty !| & !| brewers !| blackbirds, !| cowbirds, !| grackles, !| crows, !| and !| magpies !| are !| controllable !| w/o !| a !| permit !| when !| birds !| are !| found !| causing !| damage !| or !| when !| the !| population !| is !| growing !| rapidly !| to !| the !| point !| of !| causing !| damage !| to !| plants/livestock/wildlife, !| or !| concentrated !| in !| such !| a !| number !| to !| cause !| a !| health !| hazard !| or !| nuisance. Under !| Michigan !| law, !| how !| long !| should !| commercial !| applicators !| maintain !| records !| of !| pesticide !| use !| for !| general-use !| and !| restricted-use !| pesticides? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔General !| use !| - !| 1 !| year Restricted !| use !| - !| 3 !| years According !| to !| regulation !| 637, !| pesticide !| use.. !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔-Avoid !| drift !| whenever !| possible.
-Vehicles !| used !| to !| transport !| pesticides !| must !| have !| the !| business !| name, !| telephone !| number !| and !| address, !| or !| the !| U.S. !| department !| of !| transportation !| census !| number !| of !| the !| application !| firm !| printed !| in !| letters !| 3 !| inches !| tall !| or !| larger !| on !| the !| exterior. -In !| Michigan, !| there !| is !| a !| registry !| of !| persons !| who !| must !| be !| notified !| before !| turf !| grass !| or !| ornamental !| pesticide !| applications !| can !| occur !| on !| properties !| that !| are !| adjacent !| to !| the !| property !| of !| the !| person !| lifted !| in !| the !| registry. -Any !| person !| who !| mixes, !| loads, !| or !| uses !| pesticides !| must !| have !| immediate !| access !| to !| a !| spill !| kit. According !| to !| Regulation !| 637, !| what !| are !| the !| minimum !| PPE !| requirements !| for !| commercial !| applicators? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Long !| pants, !| shoes, !| long !| sleeved !| shirt, !| and !| gloves What !| is !| the !| correct !| lawn !| marker !| size !| and !| position !| for !| displaying !| it !| after !| pesticide !| application !| to !| a !| turf !| site? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔ 4 !| inches !| (10 !| cm) !| high !| and !| 5 !| inches !| (12 !| cm) !| wide, !| 12 !| inches !| (31 !| cm) !| above !| the !| turf At !| the !| time !| of !| golf !| course !| pesticide !| application, !| where !| and !| what !| type !| of !| information !| must !| be !| posted? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Where !| - !| pro !| shop, !| locker !| rooms, !| and !| registration !| area. Info !| - !| Date !| and !| time !| of !| application.
- !| Common !| name !| of !| pesticide
- !| Areas !| treated
- !| Label !| reentry !| precautions
- !| Name !| of !| person !| to !| contact !| for !| more !| information
Describe !| how !| to !| properly !| apply !| a !| pesticide !| to !| a !| large !| tree !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Begin !| spraying !| by !| first !| directing !| a !| spray !| up !| into !| the !| interior !| of !| the !| crown, !| then !| move !| to !| the !| top !| portion !| of !| the !| tree !| and !| work !| toward !| the !| bottom. Mist !| blowers !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Applies !| pesticides !| at !| ultra-low-volume !| rates Hydraulic !| sprayers !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Can !| produce !| pressures !| of !| 50 !| to !| 300 !| psi !| (345 !| to !| 2068 !| kPa) Wick !| applicators !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Designed !| to !| apply !| herbicides !| to !| precise !| areas Compressed !| air !| sprayers !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Includes !| handheld !| and !| backpack !| sprayers Type !| of !| equiptment !| used !| in !| granular !| application !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Drop !| spreader, !| rotary !| spreader, !| and !| a !| shaker !| can Drop !| spreader !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Have !| a !| row !| of !| holes !| across !| the !| full !| width !| of !| the !| hopper !| bottom Rotary !| spreader !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Uses !| a !| spinning !| plat !| to !| distribute !| the !| pesticide !| in !| a !| much !| wider !| swath !| than !| the !| width !| of !| the !| spreader
Shaker !| can !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Handheld !| applicator !| that !| dispenses !| a !| small, !| measured !| amount !| of !| pesticide Implantable !| capsules !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔A !| plug !| containing !| the !| insecticide !| is !| tapped !| into !| a !| drilled !| hole !| and !| set !| in !| place !| with !| a !| mallet What !| are !| some !| of !| the !| common !| equipment !| failures !| that !| may !| result !| in !| pesticide !| accidents? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Blown !| hoses, !| leaking !| tanks, !| leaking !| spray !| guns What !| are !| some !| of !| the !| things !| to !| carry !| in !| an !| emergency !| repair !| kit !| for !| pesticide !| application !| equipment? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| Adjustable !| wrench.
- !| Slotted !| screwdriver.
- !| Phillips !| screwdriver.
- !| Pocket/utility !| knife.
- !| Spare !| parts.
- !| Nozzle !| cleaning !| brush.
- !| Teflon !| tape.
- !| Hose !| clamps.
- !| Hose !| connectors.
- !| Pair !| of !| pliers When !| should !| equipment !| be !| calibrated? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| Before !| using !| equipment !| for !| first !| time !| of !| the !| season.
true/false !| - !| it !| is !| required !| by !| law !| that !| pesticide !| application !| equipment !| to !| be !| calibrated. !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔True Why !| should !| you !| use !| PPE !| when !| calibrating !| spray !| equipment? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Because !| the !| equipment !| may !| have !| pesticide !| residues !| on !| it. Annuals !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Die !| back !| each !| year !| when !| temperatures !| drop !| to !| freezing !| point Perennials !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Live !| indefinitely Biennials !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Completes !| life !| cycle !| in !| 2 !| years. Year !| 1 !| - !| Taproot !| forms !| (vegetative) Year !| 2 !| - !| Reproduces !| and !| dies Summer !| annuals !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Germinate !| in !| the !| spring, !| then !| flower !| and !| reproduce !| in !| late !| summer/early !| fall Winter !| annuals !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Germinate !| in !| the !| fall, !| remain !| dormant !| throughout !| the !| winter, !| then !| flower/reproduce !| mid-late !| spring. Grass !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Flat !| or !| round, !| hollow !| stems Horsetails !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Primitive !| perennial !| that !| reproduces !| by !| creeping !| roots !| and !| tubers.
Herbaceous !| broadleaves !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Do !| not !| develop !| woody !| stems, !| leaf !| veins !| are !| netted, !| flower !| parts !| in !| fours !| or !| fives Sedge !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Triangular, !| solid !| stems Poison !| ivy !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Deciduous !| woody !| vine; !| causes !| skin !| irritation Four !| strategies !| for !| managing !| landscape !| weeds !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔1. !| Creating !| vigorous !| ornamental !| plants.
- !| Preventing !| weed !| seed !| production.
- !| Preventing !| seed !| germination.
- !| Limiting !| emerged !| weeds !| early. Methods !| for !| cultural !| control !| of !| weeds !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Mulching !| and !| sanitation. Landscape !| fabrics. Methods !| for !| mechanical !| control !| of !| weeds !| (less !| effective) !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| Hoeing !| and !| hand !| weeding.
- !| Tilling.
- !| Cutting !| (depending !| on !| weed)
What !| is !| a !| plant !| disorder? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Damage !| or !| injury !| caused !| by !| a !| noninfectious !| agent. What !| are !| some !| of !| the !| symptoms !| of !| a !| plant !| that !| requires !| full !| sun !| might !| experience !| while !| growing !| in !| a !| shady !| location? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| Lanky !| or !| paleness.
- !| No !| flowers, !| or !| flowers/fruits !| poorly. What !| are !| some !| of !| the !| symptoms !| a !| shade !| plant !| might !| experience !| when !| growing !| in !| a !| full !| sun !| location? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| Bleached/scorched
- !| Stunted !| growth
- !| Develop !| red !| pigments !| in !| leaves. What !| are !| four !| techniques !| for !| growing !| healthy !| plants !| on !| poorly !| drained !| sites? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| Select !| plants !| that !| can !| tolerate !| wet !| conditions.
- !| Improve !| site's !| drainage !| by !| adding !| raised/drainage !| tile.
- !| Make !| sure !| irrigation !| systems !| aren't !| applying !| too !| much !| water.
- !| Add !| organic !| matter !| to !| soil !| around !| plant !| to !| improve !| drainage. Why !| should !| you !| have !| soil !| tested !| to !| determine !| the !| pH !| level? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| High !| pH !| can !| cause !| acid !| loving !| plants !| to !| lack !| overall !| growth !| and !| become !| chlorotic.
- !| Love !| pH !| levels !| can !| cause !| nutrients !| such !| as !| iron/manganese !| to !| convert !| into !| a !| non !| usable !| form.
What !| is !| the !| main !| sign !| that !| a !| tree !| or !| shrub !| is !| planted !| too !| deeply? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Roots !| growing !| near !| surface. other !| symptoms !| include: !| chlorosis, !| die !| back, !| early !| fall !| color, !| scorch, !| wilting, !| wind !| throw Symptoms !| that !| may !| be !| evident !| in !| a !| tree !| trunk !| or !| limb !| that !| has !| been !| girdled !| by !| rope, !| wire, !| or !| vine? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| Limb/trunk !| looks !| pinched !| to !| point !| of !| girding/swollen !| above !| point.
- !| Leaf !| scorch.
- !| Stunted !| leaves.
- !| Wilting/dieback.
- !| Early !| fall !| color.
- !| Leaf !| drop.
- !| Branches !| cracked/broken !| off !| at !| point !| where !| constricted.
- !| Excessive !| shoot !| growth/suckering !| below !| constriction !| point. Symptoms !| caused !| by !| injury !| from !| equipment? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| Leaf !| scorching.
- !| Stunted !| growth.
- !| Wilting.
- !| Dieback.
- !| Early !| fall !| color.
What !| can !| you !| do !| to !| prevent !| transplant !| shock !| to !| balled !| and !| burlapped !| trees? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Cover !| with !| mulch !| to !| keep !| moisture !| inside. T/F !| - !| Plant !| symptoms !| may !| be !| the !| result !| of !| multiple !| causes !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔True. Fungi !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Includes !| powdery !| mildew !| and !| rust. Symptoms !| - !| leaf !| spots, !| wilts, !| dieback, !| root !| rots, !| and !| cankers. Bacteria !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔One-celled !| microscopic !| organisms !| that !| can !| cause !| shoot !| blights, !| leaf !| spots, !| soft !| rots, !| and !| galls. Viruses !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Pathogens !| that !| are !| too !| small !| to !| see. !| Can !| stunt !| plants, !| discolor !| leaves !| and !| flowers, !| and !| can !| cause !| malformed !| plant !| tissues. Commonly !| spread !| by !| aphids, !| leafhoppers, !| and !| thrips. Nematodes !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Microscopic !| roundworms. !| Various !| species !| attack !| roots, !| shoots, !| or !| leaves. Can !| cause !| root !| galls, !| stubby !| roots, !| low !| vigor, !| discoloration !| and !| decline !| of !| infected !| plants, !| branch !| injury !| or !| complete !| plant !| death, !| discoloration !| of !| leaf !| tissue !| and !| leaf !| drop.
What !| are !| the !| four !| factors !| in !| the !| plant !| disease !| pyramid? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔1. !| Favorable !| Environment.
- !| Host !| plant.
- !| Disease !| causing !| pathogen.
- !| Time !| for !| disease !| to !| develop. What !| happens !| when !| one !| of !| the !| factors !| in !| the !| plant !| disease !| pyramid !| are !| missing? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔No !| disease !| will !| occur. Protectant !| fungicide !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Acts !| like !| an !| exterior !| shield !| that !| protects !| the !| plant !| from !| certain !| fungi !| or !| bacteria. Good !| coverage !| of !| the !| plant !| is !| essential. Systemic !| fungicide. !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Fungicides !| that !| are !| absorbed !| and !| move !| within !| the !| plant !| from !| the !| site !| of !| application !| to !| other !| tissues. Local !| penetrant !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Chemical !| that !| is !| absorbed !| into !| immediate !| area !| of !| application !| to !| the !| plant !| but !| does !| not !| travel !| far !| from !| the !| site !| of !| uptake. Eradicant !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Once !| applied !| as !| a !| systemic, !| these !| chemicals !| control !| fungi !| that !| have !| already !| entered !| the !| plant. Cytospora !| canker !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Primary !| host !| is !| Colorado !| blue !| spruce.
Powdery !| mildews !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Caused !| by !| several !| different !| genera !| of !| fungi !| and !| commonly !| infects !| crabapples, !| lilac, !| dogwood, !| and !| roses. White, !| powdery-looking !| fungal !| colonies !| on !| leaf !| surfaces !| and !| stems. !| Symptoms !| include !| distorted !| or !| stunted !| foliage, !| shoots, !| flowers !| or !| fruit, !| chlorosis, !| browning !| and !| premature !| death !| of !| leaves, !| and !| slower !| than !| normal !| growth. Selective !| pruning !| and !| increased !| air !| movement !| around !| and !| among !| branches !| will !| help !| reduce !| humidity. !| Prune !| out !| heavily !| infected !| parts. Oak !| wilt !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Fungus. Infested !| leaves !| wilt !| rapidly, !| turn !| brown !| around !| the !| edges !| and !| usually !| remain !| attached !| to !| tree. !| Control !| by !| mechanically !| severing !| root !| grafts Phytophthora !| root !| rot !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Caused !| by !| a !| soil-borne !| fungal !| pathogen !| called !| "water !| molds". Remove !| and !| destroy !| plants !| that !| have !| been !| infected. Apple !| scab !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Fungus. Symptoms !| appear !| as !| velvety, !| olive !| green !| spots !| on !| leaves, !| leaves !| turn !| yellow !| and !| drop !| off !| in !| midsummer, !| fruits !| may !| develop !| rough, !| corky, !| brown !| spots. Rake !| up !| and !| remove !| infected !| leaves !| from !| under !| trees. Fungicides !| can !| be !| applied !| preventively !| at !| 2-week !| intervals !| beginning !| at !| bud !| break !| and !| continuing !| until !| after !| petal !| fall.
Crown !| gall !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Caused !| by !| bacterium. Creeping !| euonymous, !| rose, !| willow, !| and !| poplar !| are !| particularly !| susceptible. Manage !| by !| removing !| and !| destroying !| heavily !| infected !| plants. Fire !| blight !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Bacterium. Milky !| white !| to !| amber !| droplet !| of !| bacterial !| ooze !| may !| exude !| from !| infected !| plant !| parts. Cambial !| tissue !| is !| killed !| in !| the !| region !| of !| the !| canker !| and !| will !| be !| brown !| or !| black. Manage !| by !| pruning !| off !| during !| growing !| season, !| never !| prune !| while !| wet. Why !| is !| it !| important !| to !| properly !| sample !| for !| nematode !| infestation? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Its !| impossible !| to !| provide !| specific !| management !| recommendations !| without !| proper !| identification !| of !| genius/species. What !| pest !| management !| method !| uses !| selection !| for !| resistance !| to !| a !| pest !| as !| a !| means !| of !| managing !| pests? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Host-plant !| resistance Cultural !| pest !| management !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Uses !| different !| aspects !| of !| growing !| plants !| such !| as !| water !| management, !| nutrition, !| sanitation, !| and !| pruning !| to !| reduce !| pest !| problems. !| Good !| sanitation !| practices !| are !| needed !| to !| manage !| plant !| disease. Microbial !| pesticides !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Naturally !| occurring !| disease !| organisms !| that !| have !| been !| commercially !| formulated !| to !| control !| pests.
- !| Expect !| pest !| and !| tolerate !| some !| damage.
- !| Pesticide !| as !| last !| choice. How !| to !| calculate !| degree !| days !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Average !| daily !| temp !| - !| Base !| temp !| (threshold) !| = !| degree !| day !| acc. !| in !| that !| day. What !| are !| degree !| days? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Days !| above !| the !| threshold !| temp. !| for !| plant !| and !| pest !| growth. Why !| is !| studying !| plant !| phenological !| indicators !| more !| accurate !| at !| tracking !| insect !| development !| than !| the !| calendar? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔The !| developmental !| timetable !| for !| plants !| is !| based !| on !| actual !| temperatures, !| as !| is !| the !| insect !| development !| timetable. !| The !| timing !| of !| the !| hatching !| of !| eastern !| tent !| caterpillars !| is !| closely !| related !| to !| bud !| break !| on !| cherry !| trees. !| Plant !| and !| insect !| development !| is !| different !| each !| year !| based !| on !| the !| weather. Action !| thresholds !| are !| often !| expressed !| as !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔The !| number !| of !| pests !| per !| unit !| area. Why !| are !| record-keeping !| and !| evaluation !| important !| to !| the !| IPM !| process? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔It !| is !| important !| to !| know !| from !| year !| to !| year !| what !| kinds !| of !| pest !| problems !| develop. !| It !| is !| also !| important !| to !| know !| what !| strategies !| worked !| and !| how !| well. Plant !| damage !| caused !| by !| slugs !| and !| snails? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Large, !| irregularly !| shaped !| holes !| on !| foliage.
What !| time !| of !| day !| and !| under !| what !| conditions !| are !| slugs !| generally !| active? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔At !| night !| and !| in !| situations !| of !| high !| humidity. What !| are !| the !| primary !| means !| of !| managing !| slugs? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔- !| Trying !| to !| reduce !| humidity.
- !| Eliminating !| slug !| hiding !| places.
- !| Growing !| non !| susceptible !| plants.
- !| Setting !| out !| slug !| baits. What !| is !| a !| favorite !| food !| plant !| of !| slugs? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Thin !| leaved !| hostas Why !| must !| you !| understand !| the !| developmental !| stages !| of !| insects !| and !| mites !| to !| adequately !| control !| them? !| Give !| an !| example. !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔It !| is !| necessary !| to !| know !| what !| stage !| an !| insect !| is !| into !| apply !| the !| best !| tactic. !| Some !| insecticides !| will !| control !| adult !| Japanese !| beetles !| but !| won't !| do !| anything !| against !| the !| grub !| form. !| Other !| insecticides !| will !| only !| affect !| the !| grub !| form !| and !| not !| the !| adult. !| It !| is !| important !| to !| know !| what !| stage !| the !| insect !| is !| in !| and !| what !| life !| stage !| the !| pesticide !| is !| effective. Insects !| that !| have !| a !| pupal !| stage !| undergo !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔Complete !| metamorphosis. Which !| statement !| about !| mites !| is !| true? !| - !| Correct !| answer !| ✔They !| develop !| by !| gradual !| metamorphosis !| from !| egg !| to !| nymph !| to !| adult
