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What |consists |of |the |upper |airway? |- |correct |answer |-Nose/nasal |passages, |sinuses, |pharynx
What |consists |of |the |lower |airway? |- |correct |answer |-Larynx, |trachea, |bronchi, |bronchioles, |pulmonary |alveoli
What |is |the |most |severe |type |of |allergic |reaction? |- |correct |answer |-Immediate |hypersensitivity |response |that |involves |antigen-antibody |reactions |(IgE)
What |is |the |largest |gland |in |the |body? |- |correct |answer |-Liver
What |age |group |of |patients |will |hypoxia |occur |much |more |rapidly |in? |Bradycardia |is |a |sign |relating |to |hypoxia |- |correct |answer |-Pediatric |patients
What |does |HIPAA |stand |for? |- |correct |answer |-Health |Insurance |Portability |and |Accountability |Act |(HIPAA)
A |decrease |in |blood |flow |in |the |coronary |arteries? |Can |temporarily |or |permanently |damage |the |heart |muscle |by |decreasing |O2 |available |to |the |muscle |cells? |- |correct |answer |-Ischemia
If |a |cardiac |patient |just |had |stent |placement, |how |long |are |they |required |to |be |on |antiplatelet |drugs? |What |are |the | 2 |drugs |they |usually |do |together? |- |correct |answer |- |year- |Plavix |& |Aspirin
Type |of |infection |that |can |further |damage |heart |valves |or |cause |systemic |infections? |Requires |antibiotic |prophylaxis |- |correct |answer |-Subacute |Bacterial |Endocarditis |(SBE) |aka |infectious |endocarditis
Atrial |depolarization |(contraction) |- |correct |answer |-P |wave
Ventricular |depolarization |- |correct |answer |-QRS |complex
Ventricular |repolarization |(relaxation) |- |correct |answer |-T |wave
Type |of |disease |due |to |excessive |secretion |of |corticosteroid |due |to |a |presence |of |a |tumor |or |from |administration |of |high |doses |of |corticosteriod |drugs |(ex: |Prednisone) |- |correct |answer |-Cushing's |disease
Chronic |long-term |hypothyroidism, |most |commonly |seen |in |older |adults |(elderly |women) |who |have |had |a |stroke |or |stopped |taking |their |thyroid |medication |- |correct |answer |- Myxedema
Most |severe |complication |of |hyperthyroidism |from |an |OMS |perspective |- |correct |answer |- Thyroid |crisis
Untreated |__________ |are |at |an |increased |risk |for |outpatient |anesthesia |and |tend |to |be |sensitive |to |epinephrine |in |a |local |anesthetic |- |correct |answer |-Hyperthyroidism
Insulin-dependent |- |correct |answer |-Diabetes |Type | 1
Non-insulin |dependent |- |correct |answer |-Diabetes |Type | 2
Elevated |level |of |several |liver |enzymes |and |bilirubin |is |often |termed? |- |correct |answer |- Elevated |LFTs |(Liver |function |tests)
What |is |the |treatment |for |Malignant |Hyperthermia? |- |correct |answer |-100% |O2, |Dantrolene |(2.5 |mg/kg) |and |IV |cold |saline |(NOT |Ringer's)
What |emergency |would |a |beta |blocker |be |given? |- |correct |answer |-Hypertension
What |is |the |maximum |dose |of |Epi |for |a |patient |with |cardiovascular |disease? |- |correct |answer |-0.04 |mg
Cardiac |arrest- |has |no |rhythm |or |contraction |of |EKG |- |correct |answer |-Asystole
No |discernable |P, |QRS |or |T |waves |noted. |No |pumping |of |blood |at |all |and |no |depolarization |of |the |ventricles |- |correct |answer |-Ventricular |fibrillation |(V-fib)
What |are | 2 |emergencies |would |Epi |be |given |in? |- |correct |answer |-V-Fib |or |Asytole
What |are |PVCs |treated |with? |- |correct |answer |-Lidocaine
What |medications |can |be |given |for |a |severe |case |of |hyperventilation? |- |correct |answer |- Versed, |valium |or |propofol
Dysrhythmia |with |a |rapid |firing |of |an |ectopic |focus |with |a |rate |of |140-200 |BPM |but |no |P |wave |- |correct |answer |-Ventricular |tachycardia |(V-tach)
What |medication |would |be |given |for |V-tach? |- |correct |answer |-Amiodarone
What |are | 3 |different |medications |that |could |be |given |for |SVT? |- |correct |answer |-Adenosine, |Inderal |or |Esmolol
What |medication |would |be |given |for |symptomatic |bradycardia? |- |correct |answer |-Atropine
What |emergency |would |a |cricothyrotomy |typically |be |performed? |- |correct |answer |-Airway |obstruction
What |type |of |intubation |is |preferred |with |emesis |and |aspiration? |- |correct |answer |-ETT, |LMA |or |ETA |(endotracheal |tube, |laryngeal |mask |airway, |esophageal |tracheal |airway)
What |are |the | 3 |basic |requirements |to |follow |when |gathering |medical |information? |- |correct |answer |-Medical |information |that |helps |oral |surgeons |identify |poor-risk |patients, |guide |treatment, |and |written |evidence |the |patient |was |given |to |evaluate |the |treatment |plan
What |is |the |term |for |blood |in |the |urine? |- |correct |answer |-Hematuria
What |is |the |artery |that |carries |oxygen-poor |(venous) |blood |from |the |heart |to |the |lungs? |- |correct |answer |-Pulmonary |artery
What |is |the |blood |flow |through |the |heart? |- |correct |answer |-Right |atrium, |right |ventricle, |pulmonary |artery, |lungs, |pulmonary |veins, |left |atrium, |left |ventricle, |aorta
What |is |the |treatment |for |emesis |with |aspiration? |- |correct |answer |-100% |O2, |turn |patient |to |their |right |side |with |head |down, |tonsil |suction, |intubate
Crowing |sounds, |labored |breathing, |suprasternal |retraction |& |rocking |of |the |chest |and |abdomen |(paradoxical) |are |signs |of |what? |- |correct |answer |-Laryngospasm
Treatment |of |a |laryngospasm |- |correct |answer |-100% |O2, |head |tilt |chin |position, |tonsil |suction, |bag/mask, |succinylcholine
Surgical |airway |below |level |of |larynx |into |the |trachea |is |called |what? |- |correct |answer |- Tracheostomy
Ventricular |relaxation |is |what |phase |of |BP? |- |correct |answer |-Dystolic |blood |pressure
The |T |wave |on |a |cardiac |monitor |tracing |is |evidence |of |what |change |in |polarization? |- |correct |answer |-Repolarization |of |the |ventricles
What |anatomical |structure |located |at |the |top |of |the |larynx |closes |the |airway |and |prevents |foreign |bodies |from |entering |the |trachea? |- |correct |answer |-Epiglottis
What |is |most |likely |to |cause |obstruction |of |the |airway |when |an |anesthetized |patient |is |lying |in |a |supine |position? |- |correct |answer |-Tongue
Blood |is |pumped |to |the |lungs |from |the |heart |through |what |vessel? |- |correct |answer |- Pulmonary |artery
Small, |sac-like |structures |located |at |the |end |of |the |respiratory |tract |in |which |O2 |and |CO |are |exchanged. |- |correct |answer |-Alveoli
Soft |tissue |valve |that |covers |the |larynx |and |allows |food |to |enter |the |esophagus |is |called |the? |- |correct |answer |-Epiglottis
Artery |located |in |the |neck |that |is |readily |palpated |when |looking |for |a |patient's |pulse. |- |correct |answer |-Common |carotid
CNS |consists |of: |- |correct |answer |-Brain |and |spinal |cord
Patient |with |a |history |of |TIA |has |had |a |temporary |lessening |of? |- |correct |answer |-Blood |supply |to |the |brain
Decreased |blood |flow |in |the |coronary |arteries |is |caused |by? |- |correct |answer |-Ischemic |heart |disease
Main |purpose |of |the |review |of |systems |is |to |obtain |a |careful |evaluation |of |the |patient's |______________? |- |correct |answer |-Medical |history
Patient |who |has |renal |disease |would |be |expected |to |have |difficulty |with |what? |- |correct |answer |-Drug |excretion
Medical |history |is |used |to |document? |- |correct |answer |-Basic |medical |information, |process |of |evaluating |the |patient |& |the |patient's |psychological |status
CHF |can |result |in |all |of |the |following: |- |correct |answer |-SOB, |edema, |ascites
Normal |blood |O2 |saturation |in |an |ASA |(class) |I |patient |ranges |from: |- |correct |answer |-95- 100%
Diabetic |patients |are |at |risk |for |oral |surgery |because |they |are: |- |correct |answer |-Subject |to |postoperative |infections
Patient |who |has |had |a |MI |should |wait |how |long |before |having |elective |surgery? |- |correct |answer |-6 |months
Hyperthyroidism |is |also |considered? |- |correct |answer |-Grave's |disease
Hepatitis |caused |by |contaminated |food |or |water |- |correct |answer |-Hepatitis |A
Hepatitis |most |frequently |in |patients |who |have |been |incarcerated |or |who |have |been |treated |for |STDs |- |correct |answer |-Hepatitis |B
Transient |disturbance |of |cerebral |functions |- |correct |answer |-Seizures
Most |common |type |of |seizure |- |correct |answer |-Tonic-clonic |(grand |mal) |seizure
3 |phases |of |grand |mal |seizures |- |correct |answer |-Prodromal |phase, |ictal |tonic |clonic |phase, |post |ictal |phase
Seizure |lasting | 5 |minutes |or |longer |- |correct |answer |-Grand |mal |status |(status |epilepticus)
2nd |type |of |seizure |- |correct |answer |-Petit |mal |seizure
Drug |given |to |seizure |patients |that |cause |swelling/inflammation |of |gingival |tissues |- |correct |answer |-Dilantin |hyperplasia
Mini |stroke- |recovery |within | 24 |hours |- |correct |answer |-TIA |stroke
(transient |ischemic |attack)
Patients |who |have |had |strokes |in |the |past |are |more |prone |to |_______ |and |______ |during |anesthesia |- |correct |answer |-Aspiration |and |respiratory |obstruction
Best |trimester |to |perform |oral |surgery |in |- |correct |answer |-2nd |trimester
What |trimester |has |the |greatest |risk |for |oral |surgery? |- |correct |answer |-1st |trimester
20% |above |ideal |body |weight |- |correct |answer |-Obesity
BMI |25-29 |is |considered |- |correct |answer |-Overwight
BMI |over | 30 |is |considered |- |correct |answer |-Obese
BMI |over | 40 |is |considered |- |correct |answer |-Morbidly |obese
Cessation |of |air |flow |for |more |than | 10 |seconds |- |correct |answer |-Obstructive |sleep |apnea |(OSA)
Patients |INR |is |often |_____ |when |on |Coumadin |- |correct |answer |-2-
How |long |should |a |patient |hold |their |Coumadin |prior |to |surgery? |- |correct |answer |-3-4 |days
Given |IV |only, |immediate |effect |and |wears |off |rapidly. |Given |to |patients |on |Coudmadin |- |correct |answer |-Heparin
Medications |that |interfere |with |platelets |developing |"sticky" |characteristics. |Life |cycle |of |these |drugs |are |7-10 |days |- |correct |answer |-Plavix, |Aspirin, |Ticlid
4 |most |common |drugs |used |together |for |balanced |anesthesia |- |correct |answer |-Propofol, |ketamine, |versed, |fentanyl
Inability |to |feel |pain |- |Fentanyl, |ketamine |& |local |- |correct |answer |-Analgesia
Loss |of |memory |- |Versed |& |valium |- |correct |answer |-Amnesia
4 |drugs |that |can |be |essential |for |a |patient |to |be |relaxed |and |immobile |during |procedure. |- |correct |answer |-Versed, |propofol, |brevital |& |ketamine
Loss |of |consciousness |"put |to |sleep"- |Propofol |& |brevital |- |correct |answer |-Hypnosis
Delayed |onset |of |drug |absorption |- |correct |answer |-By |mouth |(PO)
How |much |Epinephrine |is |in | 1 |carpule |of |Lidocaine |for |a |1% |solution |- |correct |answer |-1. |mL |/ |carpule
Normal |response |to |verbal |stimulation |with |airway |reflexes, |ventilation |& |cardiovascular |function |uneffected |(Anxiolysis) |- |Oral |preop |meds |- |correct |answer |-Minimal |sedation
Response |to |verbal |light |tactile |touch, |no |airway |compromise |("conscious |sedation") |- |N2O |or |EMLA |- |correct |answer |-Moderate |sedation
Cannot |be |easily |aroused, |purposeful |response |to |painful |stimulation, |airway |assistance |may |be |required, |ventilation |may |be |inadequate, |cardiovascular |function |is |usually |maintained |(analgesia) |- |correct |answer |-Deep |sedation
What |are |the | 5 |things |you |evaluate |for |modified |post-anesthesia |discharge |score? |Total |score |is | 10 |(Score |of | 9 |or |greater |is |considered |fit |for |discharge) |- |correct |answer |-Vitals, |ambulation, |N/V, |pain, |surgical |bleeding
What |are |the | 4 |categories |of |anesthesia? |- |correct |answer |-Local, |local |with |N2O |or |IV |sedation, |IV |balanced |anesthesia |or |inhalation |anesthesia
What |percentage |of |O2 |is |required |when |administering |N2O? |- |correct |answer |-30%
How |long |should |you |administer |O2 |after |turning |off |the |N2O |- |correct |answer |-3-4 |minutes
How |long |should |you |keep |a |patient |in |the |office |after |they |have |been |on |N2O |- |correct |answer |-15 |minutes
How |long |is |it |required |to |be |NPO |for |IV |sedation? |- |correct |answer |-8 |hours
What |is |the |recommended |fluid |volume |administration |throughout |an |IV |sedation? |- |correct |answer |-15-20 |mL/kg
What |drug |is |for |relaxation |& |amnesia? |- |correct |answer |-Versed
What |drug |is |for |analgesia? |- |correct |answer |-Fentanyl
_________ |anesthetics |are |potential |triggers |for |malignant |hypothermia |- |correct |answer |- Inhalation |anesthetics
What |drug |is |used |quite |often |due |to |its |antiemetic |effects, |and |does |not |predispose |laryngospasms? |- |correct |answer |-Propofol
After |opening |a |vial |of |Propofol, |how |long |do |you |have |before |it |is |no |longer |good |to |use? |- |correct |answer |-12 |hours
What |age |group |rapidly |redistributes |Propofol |and |requires |a |50% |increase |in |dosage? |- |correct |answer |-Children
What |age |group |has |an |increased |sensitivity |to |Propofol |and |requires |the |dosage |to |be |reduced? |- |correct |answer |-Older |patients
What |gender |rapidly |redistributes |Propofol |and |requires |a |10-15% |larger |dose? |- |correct |answer |-Women
For |obese |patients, |how |should |the |dosage |of |Propofol |be |determined? |- |correct |answer |- Lean |body |mass
What |is |most |frequently |encountered |during |injection |in |posterior |aspect |of |maxilla |in |the |3rd |molar |region? |- |correct |answer |-Hematomas
Metabolized |in |bloodstream |by |pseudocholinesterase |- |correct |answer |-Esters
Metabolized |in |the |liver |- |correct |answer |-Amides
2 |types |of |Esters |- |correct |answer |-Cocaine |& |Procaine
5 |types |of |Amides |- |correct |answer |-Lidocaine, |mepivacaine, |prilocaine, |bupivacaine, |articaine
Dilate |blood |vessels |- |correct |answer |-Vasonconstrictors
Maximum |amount |of |Lidocaine |for |an |average |patient |- |correct |answer |-10-11 |carpules
Maximum |amount |of |Mepivacaine |for |an |adult |patient |- |correct |answer |-7-8 |carpules
Maximum |amount |of |Prilocaine |for |a |patient |- |correct |answer |-6 |carpules
Maximum |amount |of |Bupivacaine |for |a |patient |- |correct |answer |-10 |carpules
Maximum |amount |of |Articaine |for |a |patient |- |correct |answer |-7 |carpules
This |type |of |injection |in |a |vessel |can |lead |to |tachycardia, |hypertension |and |sense |of |heart |pounding |in |chest |- |correct |answer |-Inadverent |injection |of |Epinephrine
What |percentage |of |O2 |is |in |room |air? |- |correct |answer |-20% |O
How |long |is |the |contact |time |for |EMLA |cream |to |be |sufficient? |- |correct |answer |-1 |hour
Level |of |CO2 |expired |in |each |breath- |this |is |mandatory |when |an |ETT |is |being |used |- |correct |answer |-Capnography
_________ |is |100X |more |potent |than |morphine |- |correct |answer |-Fentanyl
Rapid |onset |of |Remifentanil |- |correct |answer |-1 |minute
Patients |over | 65 |should |have |remifentanil |dosage |decreased |by |______ |- |correct |answer |- 50%
Counteract |parasympathetic |effects |- |ex: |Atropine, |Robinul |or |Scopolamine |- |correct |answer |-Anticholingeric |drugs
What |can |be |used |as |a |local |anesthetic |for |patients |allergic |to |multiple |types |of |local? |- |correct |answer |-Benadryl
Steroid |based |muscle |relaxant |that |has |an |advantage |of |NOT |triggering |malignant |hypothermia |- |correct |answer |-Rocuronium
What |drug |can |trigger |Malignant |Hypothermia? |- |correct |answer |-Succinylcholine
Inserted |orally |or |nasally- |protects |against |aspiration, |but |requires |Succs |or |Rocuronium |to |be |given |first |- |correct |answer |-ETT
If |a |tube |is |passed |into |the |right |mainstem |bronchus |- |you |can |hear |the |_____ |side |but |nothing |on |the |_____ |side |- |correct |answer |-Right |then |left
Cells |that |conduct |nerve |impulses |in |the |brain |and |different |body |parts |- |correct |answer |- Neurons
Portion |of |the |nervous |system |consisting |of |nerves |and |ganglia |(groups |of |nerve |cell |bodies) |outside |the |brain |and |spinal |cord |- |correct |answer |-PNS
2 |components |of |PNS: |- |correct |answer |-Cranial |and |spinal |nerves
How |many |cranial |nerves |are |there? |- |correct |answer |-
What |are |the | 3 |different |sensory |nerves? |- |correct |answer |-Optic, |olfactory |& |auditory
2nd |cranial |nerve |- |correct |answer |-Optic |nerve
1st |cranial |nerve |- |correct |answer |-Olfactory |nerve
8th |cranial |nerve |- |correct |answer |-Auditory |nerve
7th |cranial |nerve |- |correct |answer |-Facial |nerve
5th |cranial |nerve |- |correct |answer |-Trigeminal |nerve
What |are |the | 3 |divisions |of |the |trigeminal |nerve? |- |correct |answer |-Ophthalmic, |maxillary |& |mandibular
Regulates |internal |organs |(viscera) |and |other |involuntarily |functions |- |correct |answer |-ANS
What |are |the | 2 |subdivisions |of |ANS: |- |correct |answer |-sympathetic |and |parasympathetic
Fight |or |flight |- |correct |answer |-Sympathetic
Couch |potato |/ |rest |or |digest |- |correct |answer |-Parasympathetic
Adrenergic, |Alpha |vasoconstriction |and |Beta |big |organs |- |correct |answer |-Sympathetic
Amount |of |blood |pumped |by |left |ventricle |in |each |beat |(60 |mL |of |blood) |- |correct |answer |- Stroke |volume
Total |amount |of |blood |pumped |out |of |left |ventricle |in |one |minute |- |correct |answer |-Cardiac |output
Formula |for |cardiac |output |- |correct |answer |-Stroke |volume |X |heart |rate
One |contraction |and |relaxation |of |atria |and |ventricles |followed |by |a |short |pause |(60- |BPM) |- |correct |answer |-Cardiac |cycle
Hearts |normal |rate |and |rhythm- |impulse |passes |through |fibers |as |a |wave |of |depolarization |and |repolarization |- |correct |answer |-Conduction |system
Color |of |helium: |- |correct |answer |-Brown
Color |of |nitrogen: |- |correct |answer |-Black
Color |of |compressed |air: |- |correct |answer |-Yellow
Color |of |carbon |dioxide: |- |correct |answer |-Gray
