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CH.41 CARE OF PATIENT WITH DIABETES EXAMS 2023.docx, Exams of Nursing

Keiser UniversityNursing

CH.41 CARE OF PATIENT WITH DIABETES EXAMS 2023.docx

Typology: Exams

2022/2023

Available from 09/10/2023

MacLarenn
MacLarenn 🇺🇸

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CH.41 CARE OF PATIENT WITH
DIABETES EXAMS 2023
Beta cells: - correct answers 75%
-secrete insulin and amylin.
alpha cells: - correct answers 20%
-secrete glucagon
delta cells: - correct answers secrete somatosin
Insulin: - correct answers -made up of 51 amino acids
-initially produced as inactive proinsulin; proinsulin is converted into active insulin with removal of c-
peptide chain
-secreted into circulation in a two step manner: low level (basal) and increased level (prandial)
Insulin mechanism of action - correct answers -Glycogenesis: Production and storage of glycogen
-Inhibits glycogen breakdown into glucose (Glycogenolysis)
-It increases protein and fat synthesis and inhibits ketogenesis (conversion of fats to acids)
*Overall: Insulin keeps blood glucose levels from becoming too high and helps blood lipid levels in the
normal range.
Type 1 diabetes - correct answers (β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency)
Immune-mediated
Idiopathic
Type 2 diabetes - correct answers (insulin resistance)
Gestational diabetes (GDM) - correct answers women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit
high blood glucose levels during pregnancy (especially during their third trimester).
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DIABETES EXAMS 2023

Beta cells: - correct answers 75% -secrete insulin and amylin. alpha cells: - correct answers 20% -secrete glucagon delta cells: - correct answers secrete somatosin Insulin: - correct answers -made up of 51 amino acids -initially produced as inactive proinsulin; proinsulin is converted into active insulin with removal of c- peptide chain -secreted into circulation in a two step manner: low level (basal) and increased level (prandial) Insulin mechanism of action - correct answers -Glycogenesis: Production and storage of glycogen -Inhibits glycogen breakdown into glucose (Glycogenolysis) -It increases protein and fat synthesis and inhibits ketogenesis (conversion of fats to acids) *Overall: Insulin keeps blood glucose levels from becoming too high and helps blood lipid levels in the normal range. Type 1 diabetes - correct answers (β-cell destruction, usually leading to absolute insulin deficiency) Immune-mediated Idiopathic Type 2 diabetes - correct answers (insulin resistance) Gestational diabetes (GDM) - correct answers women without previously diagnosed diabetes exhibit high blood glucose levels during pregnancy (especially during their third trimester).

DIABETES EXAMS 2023

Assessment findings for Type 1 Diabetes: - correct answers Frequently diagnosed before age 30 Abrupt onset of symptoms Thin or normal weight at diagnosis Prone to diabetic ketoacidosis Assessment findings for Type 2 Diabetes: - correct answers Hyperglycemia despite insulin production Exogenous insulin may not be needed Individuals usually > age 30 Assessment findings for All diabetes (uncomplicated by DKA or HHS): - correct answers Glucosuria Polyuria Nocturia Osmotic diuresis Hypotension Tachycardia Polydipsia Polyphagia Weight loss Fatigue glycated hemoglobin (glycosylated hemoglobin, Hgb A1C or A1C):

. - correct answers a long-term measure of glucose control that is a result of glucose attaching to hemoglobin for the life of the red blood cell (120 days) diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA): - correct answers -a metabolic derangement in type 1 diabetes that results from a deficiency of insulin; -highly acidic ketone bodies are formed, resulting in acidosis;