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GRE Test Topics
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Cell Biology Questions
A. Biochemistry and cell energetics Main Classes: BIOL: 1107, 3200, 3250 Biological compounds and macromolecules BIOL: 3250, 1107, 3200
- Post-translational modification, 2. transmembrane insertion,
- sorting of proteins
BIOL: 4201; 3200, 4460
Enzyme activity and regulation BIOL: 3250, 1107, 3200, 4930 ATP and energy-producing pathways BIOL: 3250; 1107, 3200, 2500 First and second laws of thermodynamics BIOL: 3250, 1107 Cell-cell communication BIOL: 3250; 1107, 3200, 1151, 4100, 4160, 2500, 4930 B. Cellular structure, organization, and function Main Classes: BIOL: 1107, 3200, 3250 Organelles and other cellular components BIOL: 3250; 1107; 3200, 1151, 2500, 4930 Cytoskeleton and cell motility BIOL: 3250; 1107; 3200 Cell surfaces and membrane function BIOL: 3250; 1107; 3200, 1151, 4100, 4930, 4460 Extracellular space BIOL:^ 3250 1107; 3200, 1151, 4100, 2500 Cell theory, germ theory BIOL: 3250; 1107 and 3200, 4600 Distinctions among archaebacteria, eubacteria, and eukaryotic cells
BIOL: 3250; 1107
Cell growth, cell cycle, mitosis, and cytokinesis BIOL:^ 3250, 1107, 3200, 4930 Molecular Biology and Genetics A. Molecular genetics Main Classes: BIOL: 1107, 3250, 4201, 3100, 4202 DNA replication and mutation BIOL: 3250, 3100, 1107, 4201, 4202, 4930 Gene structure, introns, and exons BIOL: 3250, 3100, 1107, 4201, 4202 Regulation of gene expression BIOL: 3250, 3100, 4201, 4202, 4460 RNA transcription and modification BIOL: 3250, 3100, 1107, 4201, 4202, 4460 Translation of mRNA BIOL: 3250, 3100, 1107, 4201, 4202 Bacteriophages and viruses BIOL:^ 3250, 4460, 4600, 4620 Control of normal development; cancer BIOL: 1107, 3200, 4930, 4201, 4460 Molecular aspects of immunology BIOL: 3250, 4450, 4460 Genetic engineering BIOL: 3100, 1107; 4201, 4202, 4460
B. Heredity Main Classes: BIOL: 1107, 4201 Meiosis and chromosomal alterations BIOL:^ 1107, 4201, 4930 Modes of inheritance BIOL: 1107, 4201 Probability and pedigree analysis BIOL: 1107, 4201 Segregation, recombination, and chromosome mapping
BIOL: 1107; 4201
Polyploidy and aneuploidy BIOL: 1107; 4201 Sex determination BIOL:^ 1107; 4201 Non-Mendelian inheritance BIOL: 1107; 4201 Prokaryote genetics BIOL: 3250, 4600, 4620
Organismal Biology
A. Diversity of organisms ( Phylogenetic relationships, classification, morphology, life histories, and general biology of:…) Main Classes: BIOL: 3250, 1108, 3380, 2500 bacteria and archaea BIOL: 3250, 4600, 4620 fungi BIOL: 3250, 2500, 1108/L, 4620, 4630 plants BIOL:^ 2500, 3700, 1108/L animals BIOL: 1108/L, 3650, 3300, 3500 Origin of life and endosymbiont theory BIOL: 1108, 3250, 3380, 3200 Fossil record and human evolution BIOL: 1108, 3300, 3650, 3380 Systematics and molecular phylogeny BIOL: 1108, 3100, 3650, 3380, 3250, 4620, 4460 Adaptations of organisms to habitats BIOL: 2500, 1108, 3500, 3650, 3380, 4620 B. Animal organ systems (vertebrates and invertebrates): comparative structure, function, and organization Main Classes: BIOL: 1108/L, 3650/L, 4100, 1152 Digestion and nutrition BIOL: 1108/L, 1152, 1108, 3650/L Excretion and osmoregulation BIOL: 1108/L, 1152, 4100, 1108, 3650/L, 4930 Gas exchange and ventilation BIOL: 1108/L, 1152, 4100, 1108, 3650/L Circulatory systems BIOL: 1108/L, 1152, 4100, 1108, 3650/L, 4930 Support and movement BIOL: 1152, 3300, 4100, 1108/L, 3650/L Nervous and endocrine systems BIOL: 1152, 1151, 4100, 4160, 1108/L, 3650/L, 4120, 4930, 3200 Integument BIOL: 1151, 1108/L, 3650/L
Isolating mechanisms BIOL: 1108, 3300, 3380, 3500 Convergence, divergence, and adaptive radiation BIOL: 3100, 1108, 3300, 3650, 3380, 3500 Extinction BIOL: 1108, 3300, 3380, 3500, 3650 Evolution of higher taxa BIOL: 1108, 3650, 3300, 3380 Evolutionary rates and punctuated equilibrium BIOL: 3100, 1108, 3300, 3380 Evidence for evolution BIOL: 3100, 1108, 3650, 3300, 3380 Molecular evolution BIOL: 3100, 1108, 3300, 3650, 3380 Neutral mutations BIOL: 3100, 1108, 3380 Coevolution BIOL: 2500, 1108, 3380, 3500 C. Environmental factors Main Classes: BIOL 3500 Biogeographic and temporal patterns BIOL: 1108, 3380, 3500, 4920 Biomes BIOL: 3500 Climate BIOL: 3500 D. Population ecology Main Classes: BIOL 3500/L, 4920 Habitat selection, tolerances, limiting factors, and resource acquisition
BIOL: 3500/L, 4920, 4620
Demography and population dynamics BIOL: 3500/L, 4920, 4620 Animal behavior BIOL: 3300, 3375, 4920 E. Community ecology Main Classes: BIOL 1108, 3500/L, 4920, 4620 Competition, predation, parasitism, and symbiosis BIOL: 3250, 3300, 3500/L, 3700, 1108, 4620, 4920 Community structure and niche BIOL: 3250, 1108, 3500/L, 4620, 4920 Species richness and species diversity BIOL: 1108, 3500/L, 4620, 4920 Change and succession BIOL: 3500, 4920 Introduced species BIOL: 1108, 3300, 3500, 3700, 4920, 4620 F. Ecosystems Main Classes: BIOL3500/L, 4920, 4620 Energy flow, biogeochemical cycling, and decomposition
BIOL: 3250, 3500/L, 3700, 4920, 4620
Productivity BIOL: 2500, 3500, 4620, 4920 Food webs BIOL: 3250, 3500, 4620, 4920 G. Human impacts Main Classes: BIOL 1108, 4620, 4920, 3500
Human demography BIOL: 1108, 3500, 4920 Resource depletion and pollution BIOL:^ 1108, 3500, 4620, 4920 Economic botany BIOL: 2500 Habitat modification and effects on organisms BIOL: 1108, 3500, 4620, 3380, 4920 Emerging diseases, endemic diseases BIOL: 3250, 4600, 3700, 3380, 4920, 4620
Analytical Skills
A. Science as a way of knowing Main Classes: Most Labs Understanding quantitative aspects and limitations of science
BIOL: 3250L; 1107L, 1108/L, 3500/L,
3650, 4920, 3380, 4930, 4620L
Understanding the place of hypotheses and theories in biology
BIOL: 3100; 1107/L, 1108, 3500/L, 3650,
3380, 3375, 4920, 4620L
Identification and testing of hypotheses BIOL: 1107L, 1108L, 3500/L, 3650, 3380, 3375, 4920, 4930, 4620L B. Experimental design Main Classes: Most Labs Identification of variables and establishing experimental controls
BIOL: 1107L, 1108L, 3500/L, 4202L,
4920, 3650L, 4930
Ensuring that measured parameters are affected by phenomenon being studied
BIOL: 1107L, 1108L, 3500/L, 4202L,
C. Interpretation, data analysis, inductive reasoning, and drawing conclusions from data Main Classes: Most Labs Application of information to solve a problem or make a prediction
BIOL: 1107/L, 3250/L, 3100, 3200, 3700,
1108L, 3380, 3375, 3500/L, 4202L,
4920, 4460, 3650L, 4930, 4620L
Demonstration of proficiency with quantitative concepts and familiarity with units of measure
BIOL: 3250L, 1107L, 3500/L, 4202L,
4920, 3650L, 4930, 4620L
Demonstration of an understanding of probability theory and statistics
BIOL: 3100, 1108L, 3500/L, 4920, 4930
Interpretation of data, graphs, tables, and statistical analyses
BIOL: 1107L, 1108, 3200, 3100, 3500/L,
3700, 1108, 3650, 3380, 3375, 4202L,
3250L, 4620L, 4920, 4460, 4930
