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ARRT MRI exam study guide Questions with
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If a brain exam is being performed and the request is made to rule out acoustic neuroma, a protocol with thin cuts through the should be performed. - ✔✔Inner auditory canals The imaging plane would be the most optimal slice orientation for evaluation of Arnold Chiari Malformation and its inferior cerebellar tonsillar herniation. - ✔✔sagittal A FLAIR sequence with a long TI is utilized to: - ✔✔null the signal from CSF If a brain exam is being perfomed and the request is made to rule out microadenoma due to elevated prolactin levels, a protocol with thin cuts through the should be performed. - ✔✔pituitary gland If a brain exam is being perfomed and the request is made to rule out globe tumor due to symptoms of diplopia, a protocol with thin cuts through the should be performed - ✔✔orbits/ optic nerves MR findings of a low volume corpus callosum and increased white matter lesions can be indicative of a diagnosis of: - ✔✔multiple sclerosis If a brain exam is being performed and the request is made to evaluate cranial nerves VII and VIII due to the patient's symptoms of tinnitus, a protocol with thin cuts through the should be performed. - ✔✔Inner Auditory Canal
How many cranial nerves are there? - ✔✔ 12 pairs To best visualize the pituitary gland in MRI, high resolution T1 weighted images in the planes pre and post contrast are optimal. - ✔✔sagittal and coronal is a condition in which part of the cerebellar tonsil is displaced through the foramen magnum. - ✔✔chiari malformation When imaging a hemorrhagic infarct in the brain, which pulse sequence would demonstrate the magnetic susceptibility effects better? - ✔✔gradient echo sequences are performed to suppress CSF (cerebro-spinal fluid)and aid in the detection of demyelination. - ✔✔FLAIR The brainstem includes what? - ✔✔midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata On a T2 weighted image, CSF appears bright because it has a __________ relaxation time. - ✔✔long T Which area(s) of the brain is/are typically affected in patients with a history of epilepsy? - ✔✔frontal lobe and/or temporal lobe The right and left optic nerve join at the: - ✔✔Optic chiasm
When positioning a patient for a brain MRI, the centering should be placed at what anatomical landmark? - ✔✔Nasion If the third ventricle is dilated, but the fourth ventricle is not, there would then be pathology associated with: - ✔✔Aqueduct of Sylvius A depression in the base of the skull where the pituitary gland is located is called the. - ✔✔Sella turcica Which fissure divides the frontal and parietal lobes from the temporal lobes? - ✔✔sylvan fissure The runs the length of the falx cerebri. - ✔✔Superior sagittal sinus How do the vertebral arteries enter the cranium? - ✔✔foramen magnum What would be the most useful sequence for evaluation of an acute stroke? - ✔✔diffusion weighted When performing an MRI to confirm a suspected pituitary microadenoma, contrast is injected and imaging is performed: - ✔✔Rapidly Lesions appear as compared to the enhanced pituitary gland in contrast MR imaging - ✔✔low signal intensity
When performing MRI to rule out brain tumors, the weighted images acquired to evaluate the extent of lesion involvement, after injection of gadolinium, are: - ✔✔T1 weighted Identify the optic nerve (Cranial nerve II)- left side - ✔✔ identify the basilar artery - ✔✔ identify the trochlear nerve (cranial nerve IV)- right. side - ✔✔ identify Oculomotor nerve (CN III)- left side - ✔✔ Identify Trochlear nerve (CN IV)- left side - ✔✔ Identify Oculomotor nerve (CN III)- right side - ✔✔ Identify Optic nerve (CN II)- right. side - ✔✔ Identify Olfactory nerve (CN I)- right side - ✔✔ Identify Olfactory nerve (CN I)- left side - ✔✔ Identify Abducens nerve (CN VI)- right side - ✔✔
identify the Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) - ✔✔ Identify the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)- Left side - ✔✔ Identify the hypoglossal nerve (CN XII)- Right side - ✔✔ identify chiari malformation - ✔✔ identify syrinx - ✔✔ identify vestibular schwannoma - ✔✔ identify pituitary tumor - ✔✔ identify vagus nerve (CN X) - ✔✔ identify the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)- left side - ✔✔ identify the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)- right side - ✔✔ If a sequence with a matrix of 256 x 512 is adjusted to 512 x 512, - ✔✔The SNR will decrease and the scan time will increase
The scan time of a fast spin echo sequence utilizing a TR of 3500ms, a TE of 90ms, a 256x256 matrix, 1NSA, a 220mm FOV and an echo train length of 5 is ______ minutes, approximately. - ✔✔ 3 does not aid in reducing scan time - ✔✔reducing TE The central lines of k-space are associated with in a fast spin echo sequence. - ✔✔contrast information Reducing the number of lines filled in k-space will produce an image: - ✔✔With a decrease in spatial resolution K-space is typically filled: - ✔✔one line at a time Lower bandwidth = signal-to-noise = chemical shift - ✔✔higher; more A is defined as a picture element and has characteristics. - ✔✔Pixel, two- dimensional The maximum intensity projection algorithm: - ✔✔Projects the high intensity pixels which represent blood vessels/ducts into one image Two gradients applied at the same time during slice selection are utilized for: - ✔✔Encoding oblique slice planes
What is an advantage of selecting a 3D acquisition as opposed to a 2D acquisition? - ✔✔greater SNR and elimination of crosstalk artifacts. The process that digitizes the MR signals is known as: - ✔✔Fourier transform The signal produced immediately following an RF pulse is: - ✔✔FID is defined as a small change in the magnetic field along a particular axis. - ✔✔a gradient is a file on the computer where the collected echoes are stored prior to being processed into an image by the Fourier Transform. - ✔✔Raw data In order to generate an MR image, the slice select gradient must be turned on during: - ✔✔RF energy application Decreasing the slice selection gradient strength will of the resulting slice - ✔✔Change the slice thickness The range of transmitted frequencies at each slice position must to maintain slice thickness. - ✔✔Remain constant Applying two gradients simultaneously during slice selection would: - ✔✔produce an oblique slice
