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ANCC EXAM WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS ONLY., Exams of Advanced Education

ANCC EXAM WITH ALL CORRECT ANSWERS ONLY.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 07/12/2025

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ANCC EXAM WITH
ALL CORRECT
ANSWERS ONLY
Typesvofvpreventionv-vcorrectvanswer-primary-
vcarvrestraints,vbicyclevhelmets,vimmunizations
secondary-vpreventvforvthosevwithvRF-pap,vmammo
tertiary-mgmtvofvestablishedvdisease-vmeds,vlifestyle
Primaryv-vcorrectvanswer-
Preventingvthevhealthvproblem,vmostvcostveffectivevformvofvhealthcarev**IMMUNIZA
TIONS,vensuringvadequatevilluminationvatvhomev(preventingvfalls)
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Typesvofvpreventionv-vcorrectvanswer-primary- vcarvrestraints,vbicyclevhelmets,vimmunizations secondary-vpreventvforvthosevwithvRF-pap,vmammo tertiary-mgmtvofvestablishedvdisease-vmeds,vlifestyle Primaryv-vcorrectvanswer- Preventingvthevhealthvproblem,vmostvcostveffectivevformvofvhealthcarev**IMMUNIZA TIONS,vensuringvadequatevilluminationvatvhomev(preventingvfalls)

Secondaryv-vcorrectvanswer- Detectingvdiseasevinvearlyvasymptomaticvstages,vscreenings -Earlyvcausevfindingvofvasymptomaticvdiseasevviavthevusevofvavscreeningvtest Ex.vhighlyvabnormalvmammovnotvfinalvword Tertiaryv-vcorrectvanswer- Minimizingvnegativevdiseasevinducedvoutcomes,vpotentiallyvviewedvasvavfailurevofvpr imaryvprevention Ex-vrehab,vPT,vOT Whovshouldvnotvreceivevinfluenzavvaccinev-vcorrectvanswer- 4 vmonvoldvbornvatv 32 vweeksvgestation receivevflu-v 6 vmonvandvolder canvgivevduringvpregnancy/lactation givevchildrenv2x-v 4 vmonthsvapart MMRv-vcorrectvanswer- preggersvcan'tvreceivev(novvaricella,vorvzoster,vsmallpox,vfluvmist,vrotavirus),vbutvlact ationvOK! itsvlivevbutvweakened givevagainvtovthosevbornvafterv 1957 Givevtov6-11vmonthvwhovarevtravellingvoutsidevUS Mayvtreatvandvhavevanvinnocentvflatvpinkvrash 2 vdosesv(vatv12-15vmonvandv4-6vyears) Tetanusv-vcorrectvanswer-canvgetvfromvsoil,vavdepthvofvthevwoundvisvimportant Preggers- vgetvavtdapvinvhervthirstvtrimestervtovpassvontovthevunbornvchildv(pertusisvisvavbadvou tcome!),vfamilyvmembersvneedvtovbevupvtovdate-vcanvcausevlockjaw T-dap-v 1 vatv11-64vandvthenvboosterveveryv 10 dTap-fivevdoses Pertussis- vuncontrollablevcough,vvomitting,vfatigue,vdx:vnasopharyngealvculturevandvPCRvtesti ng tx:vAzithromycin Novpapvsmearv-vcorrectvanswer-priorvtov 21 vorvinvelderly Benadrylv-vcorrectvanswer- older,vcrossvBBB,vcanvcausevsedation,vurinaryvretentionv(badvforvBPH) herpesvzosterv-vcorrectvanswer-strongervchickenpoxvvaccine-zostervvaccine post-herpeticvneuralgia-vpersistsvafterv 1 vmonth

<6vmonths-beginvantibiotic!!vifvallergy- Cefdinir],vRF:vpacifiervusevforv 10 vmonths,vfeedingsvinvthevsupine,vsmokevexposure,v dayvcare, <2-v 10 vdays 2-6vyrs-v 7 vdays

6vyrs-v 5 vdays 1stvline-vAmoxv 90 vBID,vAmoxvclavvBIDv WithvPCNvallergy-vCefdinirv(Cephlosporins) GroupvAvstrep (GABHS)v-vcorrectvanswer- Streptococcusvpyogenes,vriskvforvrheumaticvfevervandvGlomerulo.,vperitonsillarvabsc ess,v tx-vamoxvthenvtryvmacrolidevifvdoesnt'tvimprove GOLDvSTANDARDvISvTHROATvCULTURE indoorvallergenv-vcorrectvanswer- dustvmitesv(perennial),vpets,vcockroaches,vmoldvspores AcutevBacterialvrhinosinusitisv-vcorrectvanswer-S.penumoniae,vRF- viralvinfection,vallergies,vtobaccovuse,v1stvlinevisvAugmentin,vpenicillinvallergy- Cefdinir 2ndvline-vifvnotvbetter...ClindamycinvandvCefixime Monov-vcorrectvanswer-30- 50 vdaysvagovwasvinfectedvbeforevsxs,vgivevprednisonevnotvamoxv(rash),vatvleastv 50 %vpresentvwithvspleenvenlargement,vwaitv 1 vmonthvtovgovbackvtovsports Anteriorvandvposteriorvcervicalvlymph Pharyngitisvwithvexudate rightvandvleftvuppervquadrantvabdominalvtendernes Hepatomegalyvinv10%vofvcases Splenomegalyvinv50%vofvcases Asthmavflarev-vcorrectvanswer-FEV1/Peakvexpiratoryvflowvrate- vdropsvearlyv(evenvbeforevpatientvnotices)vandvgoodvindicationvofvseverityvofvasthma S3v-vcorrectvanswer- systolicvdysfunctionvorvearlyvdiastolic,vcommonvinvHFv(dyspnea,vcrackles,vtachycardi a-v 3 vadject/s3),v markervofvventricularvoverload-vbestvheardvwithvbell S4v-vcorrectvanswer-diastolicvdysfunction,vcommonvinvpoorly- controlledvhypertension,vrecurrentvmyocardialvischemia,vunstablevangina SystolicvMurmursv-vcorrectvanswer-Mitralv(radvtovaxilla)vMitralvBenignvis-vnegativevhx

RegurgitationvValvevlowervgrade PhysiologicvProlapsevnovradiationv Aorticv(radvtovneck)vPMIvWNL Stenosisv(harsh)vsoftensvw.vpositionvchange Systolic DiastolicvMurmursv-vcorrectvanswer-Mitral Stenosisv(Rumble) Atrial Regurgv(blowing) Diastolic Aorticvstenosisv-vcorrectvanswer- youngvman,vexercisevtolerance,vharshvsystolicvmurmur,vsoftervwhenvchangingvpositi on,vradiationvtovthevneckv(assumevitvcamevoutvofvAORTICvVALVE) LVH,vcongenitalvdefect RF-vrheumaticvfever,voldervadults-calcification Calcificvaorticvstenosisv-vcorrectvanswer- 82 vy/ ovwoman,vdizzyvwalkingvupvavflightvofvstairs,vharshvsystolicvmurmurvradiationvtovnec k, MitralvRegurgitationv-vcorrectvanswer- 62 vy/ ovmalevwithvHTN,vHF,vPMIvdisplacedv(bigvLV),vaccentuatedvwhenvrolledvtovthevside,v loudervwithvhandvgrip,vholosystolic,vblowingvmurmur MitralvValvevProlapsev-vcorrectvanswer- 27 vy/ovwoman,vrunner,voralvcontraceptive,vfunnelvchest/pectusvexcavatum,vmid- latevsystolicvmurmurvwhichvmovesvforwardvuponvpositionvchange HONKINGv(heardvbestvatvapex) Marfan'svsyndrome,vscoliosis Tx:vobtainingvanvechovisvavprudentvnextvstep Encouragevaerobicvactivity 16 vy/ ovmalevbasketballvplayer,vwhichvfindingvonvavcardiacvexamvwouldvwarrantvimmediat evevalv-vcorrectvanswer-LOUDvS4-vproblem!v S4visvthevsoundvofvdiastolicvdysfunction Murmurvgetsvloudervwithvpositionvchangev(fromvsittingvtovstanding) ---->vHCM Murmursv(mitralvregurgitation)v-vcorrectvanswer-commonvinvLVHv(alsovPMIvshifts wouldvseevdyspneavuponvexertion) RF:vrheumaticvheartvdisease,vendocarditis,vcalcificvannulus

vevenvindividualsvthatvaren'tvvaccinatedv(infants,vimmunocompromised)varevofferedvs omevprotectionvbecauseveveryone ActivevImmunityv-vcorrectvanswer- Invresponsevtovanvantigen,vpresencevofvanvantibodyvproducedvinvthevhostv(waitingvto vprotectvyou,v 1 vmonthvfromvgettingvthevdose,vbutvLIFELONG=BETTER) PassivevImmunityv-vcorrectvanswer- Immunityvconferredvbyvanvantibodyvproducedvinvanothervhost,vacquiredvnaturallyvbyv anvinfantvfromvmotherv(onsetvisvwithinvhoursvofvgettingvdosevbutvtimevlimitedvonlyv6- 9 vmonths) Treatmentvofvanalphylaxisv-vcorrectvanswer- ImmediatelyvadministervEPIvthenvadministervBenadrylvthenvcallv 911 Pneumoniavvaccinev-vcorrectvanswer- Notvcontravinvimmunosupressed,vdoesvnotvprotectvagainstvmostvpneumonia- causingvpathogensv(justvs.pneumococcal),v*canvgivevduringvantimicrobialvtherapy Flumistv-vcorrectvanswer-Onlyvforv2-49vandvnotvinvpresencevofvairwayvdisease Immunevglobulinv(passive)v-vcorrectvanswer- concentrationvsolutionvofvantibodiesvderivedvfromvpooledvdonatedvbloodvproductv(SA FE!) Gardasilv-vcorrectvanswer-Quadrivalentvvaccine-v6,v11,v16,v 18 6 vandv11-wartvvirus 16 vandv18-vmalignancyvvirus Males-vgetv9-26,vgetvthreevdosevseries HepvBvvaccinev-vcorrectvanswer- previouslyvunvaccinatedvadultsvwithvDMvshouldvbevvaccinatedvimmediatelyvuponvdia gnosisv(becausevcanvbevinvgroupvtypevsettings/lancets/equipmentvnotvcleaned) PPDvandvMMRv-vcorrectvanswer- IFvMMRvvaccinevisvgivenvonvthevpreviousvdayvorvearlier,vthevPPDvTSTvshouldvbevde layedvforvatvleastvonevmonthv(falsevpositive) ElderlyvwithvRFv-vcorrectvanswer- GivenvPPSV23v(Pneumovax)v 1 vyearvago,vshouldvbevgivenvavdosevofvPCV13v(Prevn ar)vtoday-vgivesvanvadditionalvboost Livevvirusv-vcorrectvanswer-MMR,vVaricella,vFluMist,vZoster Contra-Pregnancy,vImmuno/HIVvonlyvlessvthanv200, Rotavirus-voralvvaccinevgivenvtovinfants Restatingv- vcorrectvanswer-"Youvsaidvthatvyouvgotvangryvwhenvyourvboyfriendvcamevhomevlastvl astvnight"vkeyword-vYOU

OPenvendedvquestionsv-vcorrectvanswer-What'svonvyourvmind Clarificationv-vcorrectvanswer- Ivdon'tvthinkvivseevthevconnection.vCanvyouvexplainvthatvtovmevagain? AlcoholvAbusevLabvresultsv***v-vcorrectvanswer-AST/ALT-v3xvULNv83/50v(normalv0-

MCV-v 105 v(normalv80-96) Hypertriglyceridemia-vTG=v 325 v(normalv<150) TranstheoreticalvModelvofvChangev-vcorrectvanswer-Precontemplation- vnotvinterested,vminimizesvproblem Contemplation-vconsidering Preparation-vchangesvinvbehavior Action- Maintenance/relaspse Ask/Advise/Assess/Assist/Arrange Cancerv-vcorrectvanswer-NewvCases-vFemalevbreastvMalevprostate Deaths-vM=lung,vprostate,vcolon,vpancreas F=lung,vbreast,vcolon,vpancreas Endometrialvcancer-vunexpectedvpost- menopausalvbleedingv(representsv50%vofvallvgynovca) USPSTFvrecommendationsv-vcorrectvanswer- womenvwithvaveragevriskvshouldvhavevavbaselinevmammogramvatvagev 50 vyears.vFol low- upsvshouldvoccurveveryv 2 vyears.vMammogramsvcanvstopvatvagev74.vThevAmericanv CancervSocietyvcontinuesvtovrecommendvmammogramsvbeginvatvagev40. Breastvscreeningv-vcorrectvanswer- womenvatvhighvriskv(greatervthanv20%vlifetimevrisk)vshouldvgetvavMRIvandvmammovq vyr Sensitivityvvs.vspecificityv-vcorrectvanswer-withvavconditionvvs.vwithoutvavcondition Prevalencevvs.vIncidencev-vcorrectvanswer- proportionvwithvdiseasevvs.v#vofvnewvcases thinkv"p"revalencev"vp"roportion ReducedvRBCvproductionv-vcorrectvanswer-Nutrition,vvitaminvB12- vusevofv**medicationsvsuchvasvMetforminvandvchronicvPPIsv(b12vandvironvmalabsorp tion) PPIvuse-vincreasedvfracturevrisk,vlowvmagnesium-vmusclevcrampsvpalpitations

hypochromicvanemiavwithvelevatedvRDW** Mostvcommonvetiology: 1)vIronvdeficiencyvanemia-vLowvferritin,vhighvTIBC 2)verosivevgastritis,vmenorrhagia Microcyticv(MCV<80) NLvRDWv-vcorrectvanswer-MCVvlow,vMCHCvlow,vRDWvNL HypochromicvanemiavwithvNLvRDW** Mostvcommonvetiology:v 1)vAlphavthalassemiavminorv(asian,vafrican) 2)vbetavthalassemiavminorv(African,vmiddleveastern,vMediterranean) Macrocyticv(MCV>96) highvRDWv-vcorrectvanswer-MCVvhigh,vMCHCvNL,vRDWvhigh NormochromicvanemiavwithvelevatedvRDW Mostvcommonvetiology:v 1)vPerniciousvanemia 2)vDietaryvinducedvVitvB12vdeficiencyv(numbnessvofvfingertipsvandvoralvirritation*)- vmostvcommon 3)vfolatevdeficiencyvanemia-valcoholvabusers Alcoholics-vASTv 80 v(0-31) vMCVv 103 v(80-96) Drugvinducedvmacrocytosisvusuallyvwithoutvanemiav-vcorrectvanswer- MCVvhigh,vMCHCvNL,vRDWvNL Meds-->vPhenytoin/Dilantin,vValproicvAcid/Depakote,vCarbamazepine/Tegretol CommonvCYPv 450 v3A4v-vcorrectvanswer-Erythro- Clarithromycin blockvthevactivityvofvthevisoenzyme,vlimitingvsubstratevexcretion,vallowingvincreasev invsubstratevlevels,vandvpossiblevriskvofvsubstrate-inducedvtoxicity St.vJohnvWart-vanti- retrovirals,vbirthvcontrolvpills,vandvcyclosporinsv(organvtrasnplantvcanvleadvtovrejectio n) Whenvyouvhavevdrugvreisistancev-vcorrectvanswer-Highvdosevamox-clavuv2000ng/ 125 vmgvPOvBID Levofloxacinv 500 vmgvPOvdailyv(goodvforvgramvneg) Moxifloxacinv 400 vmgvPOvdailyv(gramvneg)

Invbeta-lactamvallergyv-vcorrectvanswer- Doxycyclinev 100 vmgvPOvBIDvorv 200 vmgvPOvdailyv(gramvneg) Levofloxacin Moxifloxacin 1stvlinevforvAcutevBacterialvRhinosinusitv-vcorrectvanswer-Amox-Clavv 875 vmg/ 125 vmgvPOvBID SecondvlinevDoxyv 100 vmgvPOvBIDvorv 200 vmgvPOvdaily 45 vy/ ovwomanvwithvAOMv 10 vdaysvago,vexperiencingvfullnessvinvearvandvdiminisedvabilityv tovdiscriminatevspeechv-vcorrectvanswer-Conductivevhearingvloss- vWebervtestvlateralizingvtovthevaffectedvearv(somethingvblockingvlikevcerumen,vAOM- ->vitvisvreversible) AOMvwithveffusionvexpected;vunlessv>3vmonthsvduevotologicalveval...vcanvcausevsp eechvdelayvinvchildrenv Tx:vReassurance-vearvfullnessvisvanvanticipatedvfinding Presbycusis-vagevrelatedvhearingvlossv-vcorrectvanswer- Slowlyvprogressive,vsymmetric,vpredominatelyvhighvfrequency* BADvHEARINGvLOSS- frequentvearvinfections,vlowvbirthvapgarvscores,vseizures,vrubella,vCMV CommonvADEvfromvoralvdecongestants***v-vcorrectvanswer- AnvincreasevinvBloodvPressurevbecausevtheyvarevalpha-adrenergicvagonists DOvNOTvusevinvhypertensive 29 vy/ovwomanvwithvallergicvrhinitisvwhovisvavhomevdaycarevproviderv- vcorrectvanswer-THINKvNOTvSEDATIVEvdovnotvgivevChlorpheniramine -mine butvcanvgivevnasalvspray,voralvloratadine nasalvcongestion--->v1stvlinevisvdecongestant 75 vy/ovmalevwithv 60 vpackyear,vCOPD,vfirm,vnon-tendervnodev-vcorrectvanswer- Thinkvmalignancy-vSquamousvCellvcarcinoma Nextvstep...biopsy 90%vofvoralvcancersvarevSCC Dx:vFEV1:FVCvrationv<0. CNI Olfactoryv-vcorrectvanswer-Smell CNII

Freevt4=v10-27v Lowvthyroxinev(FT4)v=vHighvTSH TSH=v 84 v(high) FreevT4=v 3 v(low) Tx-vLevothyroxine-vincreasevneedsvinvpregnancy- increasevbyv33%vincreasingvdemandsvofvdevelopingvfetus,vcheckvafterv 8 vweeks,vta kevonvemptyvstomachvatvsamevtimeveverydayvandvnotvtakenvwithinv 2 vhoursvofvcation vsuchvasvcalcium,viron,valuminum,vmagnesiumv LevothyroixinevhelpsvtovbringvdownvhighvTSH SovifvTSHv=v4.5v...shouldvbev< Youvwouldvincreasevthevdosevbyv 25 vandvrepeatvavTSHvinv 8 vweeks/2vmonths Elderlyvdosevisv75%vlessvthanvthevdosevneededvbyvavyoungvadult SE:vbonevthinning Recheckvafterv6-8vweeks TSH-vreleasedvbyvanteriorvlobevofvpituitary Subclinicalvhypothyroidism-velevatedvTSHvandvnormalvfreevT Naturalvdessicatedvthyroid-vanimalvsources Hyperthyroidismv-vcorrectvanswer-Highvthyroxinev=vlowvTSH TSH=v<0. FreevT4=v 79 Tx-vBeta-adrenergicvantagonist-vpropranololvtovcounteractvtachycardia,vtremor PTU,vMethimazolev(Tapazole) RadioactivevIodinev(RAI) Thyrotoxicosis-vcanvhavevavfib,vcheckvTSH,vBNP Preferredvtx:vRadioactivevablationvofvoveractivevthyroidvtissue AvFibv-vcorrectvanswer- Atrialvfibrillationvisvavcommonvarrhythmiavcharacterizedvbyvnonsynchronizedvirregula rvatrialvandvventricularvactivity.vAnvECGvisvconfirmatoryvofvatrialvfibrillationvwithv absentvPvwaves irregularvventricularvrate rhythmvofv 100 v-v 160 vbeatsvpervminute. ThyroidvScanv-vcorrectvanswer-Coldvvs.vHotvspots Reportvofvavcoldvspotv=vmalignancy CanvbevavThyroidvCyst Hotvgland-vGravesvdisease,vmetabolicallyvactive-vLOWvRISKvMALIGNANCY distinguishvbetweenvbenignvandvmalignancy-vbiopsy

SubclinicalvHypothyroidismv-vcorrectvanswer-ElevatedvTSHvwithvNLvfreevT RecheckvTSHvinv 6 vmonths AACEvtreatmentvofvpatientsvwithvTSHv>5v(alsovindicatedvifvpregnant) Thyroidvnodulesv-vcorrectvanswer-OrdervUS,vgetvTSH Hot-vbenign,vandvtreatvRAIvtovablate vs. Cold-vfine-needlevaspirationvbiopsy,vuncommon headachesv-vcorrectvanswer-Migrainesvyounger-vmorevboys aftervpuberty-vmorevgirls GetvHAvwhenvhungryv unilateral-vclustervandvmigraine nasalvstuffinessvwithvconjunctivalvinjection-vcluster tension-vpressing,vnotvpulsating,vbilateral,vmorevcommonvinvmales- vtxvthevtriptans,vnonsteroidalvanti-inflammatoryvdrugsv(NSAIDs)vandvoxygen. Don'tvgivevwomenvwithvmigrainevwithvauravavcontraceptivevwithvestrogenvlikevBCvbe causev*** Prophylacticvmigrainevtreatment- v1stvlinevisvbetavblockervpropranolol,vTopamax,vTCAs-amitriptyline,vElavil Abortive-Cafergot,vNSAIDs,vImitrex betavblockersv-vcorrectvanswer- UsedvinvAcutevcoronaryvsyndrome,vreducevmyocardialvoxygenvdemand,vreducevthev effectsvofvcirculatingvcatecholamines Migrainevtherapyv-vcorrectvanswer-55vy/ovwomanvwithvanginavpectoris Don'tvgivevergotamine,valmotriptan CanvgivevIbuprofen Supplements-vMagnesium,vbutterbew,vfeverfew DuodenalvUlcersv-vcorrectvanswer-CausedvbyvH.Pylori Wouldvtreatvwithvanvantimicrobialvtherapy WBCvresponsev-vcorrectvanswer-Bacterial-vhighvneurophilsv(aroundv60%) vs. VIral-vhighvlymphsv(aroundv30%) Blumberg'svsignv-vcorrectvanswer- gentlyvbyvdeeplyvpalpatingvanvareavofvabdominalvtenderness,vthenvrapidlyvreleasingv thevpressure/reboundvtendernessv(latevsign)

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