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AEA Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers, Exams of Study of Commodities

Henderson State University (HSU)Study of Commodities

AEA Exam Study Guide Questions and Answers 1. is defines as the maximum force that can be exerted by amuscle or muscle group against a resistance ANS muscular strength 2. what type of stretching activates the muscle spindles? ANS Ballistic Stretching 3. What are muscle spindles? ANS specialized receptors in the muscle that monitormuscle length change and the speed of muscle length change 4. name the six skill- related components of fitness ANS 1. agility 2.balance 3.coordination 4. power 5. reaction time 6. speed 5. What is the difference between max HR and HR reserve 2 / 22 ANS max HR is the hightHR a person can achieve, it is measured with a max HR test or estimated with 220-age HR reserve is your maximal HR minus your resting HR 6. How does compression lower you HR in the water? ANS it acts like a compressoron the body systems, causing a smaller venous load to the heart than in land exercise.. the heart has to work less to return blood from the limbs back to your heart

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AEA Exam Study Guide
Questions and Answers
1. is defines as the maximum force that can be exerted by a muscle or
muscle group against a resistance
ANS muscular strength
2. what type of stretching activates the muscle spindles?
ANS Ballistic Stretching
3. What are muscle spindles?
ANS specialized receptors in the muscle that monitor muscle length change and the speed
of muscle length change
4. name the six skill- related components of fitness ANS 1. agility
2.balance
3.coordination
4. power
5. reaction time
6. speed
5. What is the difference between max HR and HR reserve
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AEA Exam Study Guide

Questions and Answers

  1. is defines as the maximum force that can be exerted by amuscle or muscle group against a resistance ANS muscular strength
  2. what type of stretching activates the muscle spindles? ANS Ballistic Stretching
  3. What are muscle spindles? ANS specialized receptors in the muscle that monitormuscle length change and the speed of muscle length change
  4. name the six skill- related components of fitness ANS 1. agility 2.balance 3.coordination
  5. power
  6. reaction time
  7. speed
  8. What is the difference between max HR and HR reserve

ANS max HR is the hightHR a person can achieve, it is measured with a max HR test or estimated with 220 - age HR reserve is your maximal HR minus your resting HR

  1. How does compression lower you HR in the water? ANS it acts like a compressoron the body systems, causing a smaller venous load to the heart than in land exercise.. the heart has to work less to return blood from the limbs back to your heart
  2. what are the factors that influence HR in the water ANS 1. temperature
  3. reduced gravity
  4. compression
  5. partial pressure
  6. reduced body mass
  7. What is the ACSM (2018) recommended frequency for resistance training?- ANS 2 - 3 days per week for each major muscle group
  8. define body composition ANS the body's relative percentage of fat as compared tolean tissue (bone, muscles, organs)
  9. list 5 benefits of regular exercise ANS 1. improves physical appearance2.increases functional capacity
  1. Aside from RPE, what is another subjective method used to measureintensity ANS talk test
  2. what are the 3 aerobic conditioning formats ANS 1. continuous training2.Interval training
  3. Circuit training
  4. The skeletal system provides our bodies with support, protection, and ANS structure
  5. During the cardiac cycle, is the active contraction of the heartmuscle and is the relaxation of the heart muscle ANS systole Diastole
  6. Which characteristic of muscle allows it to shorten and thicken ANS contractility
  7. the muscle group flexes the knee at the leg ANS hamstrings
  8. what is a motor neuron ANS relay outgoing information for the CNS to the musclecells
  9. Describe the Valsalva Maneuver

ANS holding your breath during the exertion phase of an exercise creates an unequal pressure in the chest causing the BP to drop and decreasing blood flow to the heart then resuming normal breathing causinga surge in blood to the heart causing a sharp increase in BP

  1. Name the 5 systems of the body most actively involved in movement andexercise ANS 1. skeletal
  2. muscular
  3. nervous
  4. cardiovascular
  5. respiratory
  6. In a muscle pair, the muscle that is actively contracting is referred to as the , or prime mover. ANS agonist
  7. List 3 types of muscle tissues in the human body ANS 1. visceral
  8. cardiac
  9. skeletal
  10. the process by which bones grow in the body is called ANS ossifi-cation
  11. what are tendons? what are they made of? ANS they firmly anchor muscles to thebone and are made of strong fibrous connective
  1. what is the attachment site that is more mobile ANS muscles insertion
  2. what is the relaxed or stretched muscle ANS antagonist
  3. what is stabilizing ANS a contraction in both muscles at the same time that prevents movement at that joint
  4. the muscles in the human musculoskeletal system are primarily organizedin that tend to be arranged at the same joint on sides ANS - pairs opposite
  5. what are the 9 muscles of the upper torso and extremities? ANS 1. sternoclei- domastoid
  6. pectoralis major
  7. trapezius
  8. latissimus dorsi
  9. deltoid
  10. biceps brachii
  11. triceps brachii
  12. wrist flexors
  13. wrist extensors
  14. where is the sternocleidomastoid located and what joints are moved? ANS - lo-cated in the front of the neck attaching from the sternum and clavicle to the jaw
  • moves the cervical spine joints
  1. where is the pectoralis major located and what joint does it move ANS - locatedin the chest
  • primarily moves the shoulder joint but also moves the sternoclavicular joint
  1. where is the trapezius located and what joints does it move ANS - located in theupper back & neck
  • scapulae, sternoclavicular, cervical spine
  1. where is the latissimus dorsi located and what joints does it move ANS - locatedin middle and low back
  • shoulder joint
  1. where is the deltoid located and what joints does it move ANS - caps the shoulder
  • shoulder joint
  1. where is the biceps brachii located and what joints does it move ANS - front ofupper arm
  • elbow (primarily), shoulder, radioulnar
  1. where is the triceps brachii located and what joints does it move ANS - back ofupper arm
  • elbow (primary), shoulder
  1. hip abductors
  2. hip adductors
  3. quadriceps femoris
  4. hamstrings
  5. gastrocnemius
  6. soleus
  7. tibialis anterior
  8. where is the iliopsoas located and what joints does it move ANS - front of hip
  • hip
  1. where is the gluteus maximus located and what joints does it move ANS - backof hip
  • hip
  1. where is the hip abductors located and what joints does it move ANS - outerthigh
  • hip
  1. where is the hip adductors located and what joints does it move ANS - innerthigh
  • hip
  1. where is the quadriceps femoris located and what joints does it move ANS - front of thigh
  • hip (rectus femori) knee
  1. where is the hamstrings located and what joints does it move ANS - back of thigh
  • hip and knee
  1. where is the gastrocnemius located and what joints does it move ANS - back oflower leg
  • ankle and knee
  1. where is the soleus located and what joints does it move ANS - back of lowerleg
  • ankle
  1. where is the tibialis anterior located and what joints does it move ANS - front oflower leg
  • ankle
  1. what are the 3 iliopsoas muscles ANS 1. psoas major
  2. psoas minor
  3. iliacus
  4. what are the 2 hip abductor muscles ANS 1. gluteus medius
  5. gluteus minimus
  6. what are the 4 quadricep formoris muscles ANS 1. rectus femoris
  7. vastus medialis
  1. nervous system interprets these changes 3.responds to interpretations through muscular contractions or glandular secretions
  2. what branch of the nervous system signals the agonist muscles to contract and antagonist muscles to relax or stretch ANS the somatic branches of the efferentnervous system
  3. how are oxygen and CO2 exchanged within the respiratory system ANS oxygencrosses into the pulmonary capillaries from the alveoli to be transported by the bloodstream to the heart; CO2 is carried from the heart to the lungs via blood streamand crosses into alveoli to be exhaled
  4. what is the cardiovascular systems role during exercise ANS CV system delivers more O to the working muscles groups by increasing HR to increase blood flow tothe muscles
  5. explain blood flow through the body ANS deoxygenated blood to right atrium (inferior/ superior vena cava) --> deoxygenated blood to right ventricle (tricupid valve) --> to the lungs (pulmonary art) --> to capillary beds (arterioles) --> alveoli --> left atrium ( pulm vein) -->left ventical (mitral)-->oxygenated blood to tissues
  6. 8 physiological principles required to improve fitness level ANS 1. overload 2.progressive overload
  7. adaptation
  8. specificity
  9. variability
  10. reversibility
  11. recovery
  12. overtraining
  13. overload ANS greater than normal stress or demand resulting in an increase in strength / function
  14. progressive overload ANS gradual systematic increase in dress or demand to promote fitness gins while avoiding the risk of injury or fatigue
  1. adaptation ANS ability of body part, system, organ, to adjust to additional stress or overload overtime by increasing strength or function
  2. specificity ANS you train only that part of the system or body that is overloaded inthe way it is overloaded
  3. variability ANS varying of intensity, duration, or mode to obtain better overall fitness
  4. reversibility ANS the body will gradually revert to pretraining status when exerciseis discontinued
  5. recovery ANS the bodys return to homeostasis
  6. overtraining ANS long term reduction in performance and ability to exercise due to imbalance in the amount of exercise and recovery

flexibility, or both can affect the integrity of the involved joint and increase risk of injury

  1. how does the aquatic environment promote muscular balance ANS the resis- tance of the water surrounds you when you are exercise and affect every movementin every direction which provides resistance for both muscles in a muscle pair
  2. what are the acute physiological responses to aerobic and anaerobicexercise ANS 1. oxygen deficit- time it takes to transfer O2 from air to muscles 2.Steady state exercise- oxygen supply meets oxygen demand
  3. O2 debt (EPOC)- time of excess O
  4. describe the anatomical position ANS 1. body is erect (supine) 2.arms by the side
  5. palms facing forward
  1. legs together
  2. feet directed forward
  3. what is center of gravity ANS center of gravity is typically located in the objects geometric center and is determined by the position of body parts
  4. how do you maintain balance with center of gravity ANS remain within the baseof support
  5. what is center of buoyancy ANS the center of the volume of the body displacing thewater or the center of a floating object -- normally located in chest region near lungs
  6. what is the difference between center of buoyancy and center of gravity- ANS they are in a vertical line but the distance between them depends on body fat patterns , the amount of air in the lungs, and muscle mass
  7. frontal plane joint actions ANS abduction, adduction, lateral flexion
  8. sagittal place joint actions ANS flexion, extension, hyperextension
  9. transverse plane joint actions ANS medial and lateral rotation, transverse abduc-tion and adduction
  10. most joints in the body related to exercise are ANS freely movablesynovial joints
  11. ball and socket joint movement ANS all joint movement
  12. hinge joint movement ANS flexion and extension
  13. condyloid joint movement ANS all except rotation
  14. saddle joint movement ANS all except rotation
  15. plane of gliding joint movement ANS glideing
  16. pivot joint movement ANS supination, pronation, rotation
  17. what is the relationship between skeletal and muscular systems ANS muscularcontractions are responsible or movements at each joint, when they contract they pull on bones to create the movement
  1. partnership
  2. limited liability company
  3. corporations
  4. what is sole proprietorship ANS business structure in which an individual and the company are considered a single entity for tax and liability purposes
  5. what is a partnership ANS composed of two or more people who control the business and are personally liable for the partnerships debts
  6. what is a limited liability company ANS allowed by the state statute that owners ofthe LLC are called members and IRS may treat LLC like a partnership or corporation
  7. what is corporation ANS registered businesses organized for the purpose of providing professional services as defined by the specific state laws
  8. what are the most common types of insurance applicable to fitnessprofessionals ANS 1. general liability insurance
  9. professional liability insurance
  10. umbrella liability 4.property insurance
  11. sexual abuse liability insurance
  12. service or business interruption insurance
  13. workers compensation insurance
  14. what is general liability insurance ANS protects you and the company in the eventthat a participant is injured or if you or one of your employees injurers someone or damages property at a participants location
  15. what is professional liability insurance ANS provides protection when you are held legally liable for how you rendered or failed to render your professional services
  16. what is umbrella liability ANS supplies additional coverage if your professional liability isn't enough to cover all expenses for damages resulting from litigation
  1. what is property insurance ANS protects business property and inventory against physical loss or damage by theft, accident, or other means, even if the property is removed from your place of business when it is lost or damaged
  2. what is sexual abuse liability insurance ANS provides coverage in the event youare accused or sued fro sexual harassment by a class participant or client
  3. what is service interruption or business interruption insurance ANS coversindirect losses that occur when a direct loss forces a temporary interruption of business
  4. what is workers compensation insurance ANS provides wage replacement andmedical coverage for employee's who sustain job-related injuries
  5. what is risk management ANS the process of measuring or assessing potential risk and developing strategies to manage that risk and includes regulating& enforc-ing conduct and safety guidelines to ensure the safety of the participants