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ABFM Exam Questions and answers 2025
child .with .head .lice rx'd .with .shampoo .permethrin still .has .nits .in .her can .she .go .to .school? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-yes as .long .as .continue .home .remedy, .nit .combing .and .repeat .permethrin .shampoo .in. 6 .days
is .diverticular .bleeding .painful? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-no.
BP .recommendation .for .>65 .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-150/
young .boy. left .hip .pain. afebrile ESR .normal. WBC .normal. Radiograph .knee .and .hip .normal.
dx? rx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-transient .synovitis
rx: .nsaids
ABFM .Exam .Questions .and .answers. 2025
rx .for .SVTs .but .short-term .and .llong .term .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-CCB .eg .verapamil, .diltiazem
16 .yo. fatigue on .OCPs low .bleed .on .periods normal .TSH
normal .Hct. normal .RBC .count MCV .<.
what .lab .test .next? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Hgb .electrophoresis
- .check .beta .thalassemia
Signs .of .ALS
- .mainly .motor .sx .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-asymmetrical .weakness .in .legs, .feet, .ankles
slurred .speech
trouble .swallowing.
SOB.
wt .loss
mcc .urge .incontinence .in .elderly .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-detrusor .instability
what .diabetes .medications .are .good .for .prevention .of .developing .DM .in .pre- diabetes .pt .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-metformin
"alpha-glucosidase .inhibitors .(acarbose)
orlistat
thiazolidinediones
most .specific .sign .of .peritonsillar .abscess .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-difficulty .opening .mouth
rx .management .for .concussion .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-physical .and .cognitive .rest.
- .avoid .physical .activity .that .exacerbate .sx
- .avoid .activities .that .require concentration .or .attention, .such .as .schoolwork .and .electronics .use.
lung .cancer .screening .recommendation .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-ANNUAL low-dose .noncontrast .CT. Asymptomatic .adults .55-80 .yo .who .have .a .30-pack-year .smoking .history .and .currently .smoke .or .have .quit .smoking .within .the .past. 15 .years.
non-medical .indicated .(elective) .induction .of .labor .or .C-section .deliveries .should .be .scheduled .at .what .GA? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-39wks. 0 .d
drug .to .prevent .seizure .in .alcohol .withdrawal .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-benzos
pt .with .osteopenia .(T .<2.5) risk .of .fracture .<20% what .meds .do .you .start .on .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-calcium .and .vit .d .supplements
test .for .meniscus .tears .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-thessaly .test
This .patient .has .low .energy, .menstrual .irregularities, .and .a .history .of .stress .fractures, .BMI .<18...is .consistent .with .______ .dx?
what .test .does .she .need? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .female .athlete .triad..
She .is .at .risk .for .altered .bone .density .and .needs .a .bone .mineral .density .test.
pt .with .exercise .induced .asthma pt .can .prevent .this .by? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-albuterol .10-15min .before .exercise
does .ankylosing .spondylitis .improve .with .exercise .and .activity? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-yes
also .note:
- .pain .worse .in .evening
- .stiffness .worse .in .morning
pt .wwith .ASCVD .risk .>7.5% .should .be .started .on? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER- moderate-or-high .intensity .statin
note:
- .fibrates .don't .have .effect .on .CVD .and .are .not .part .of .recommendation .guidelines
what .pneumococcal .vaccine .should .65yo .receive .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-PCV .now .and .PPSV23 .in. 1 .year
mcc .hearing .loss .in .newborn .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-genetics
A .32-year-old .female .at. 12 .weeks .gestation .presents .with .an .itchy .vulvar .lesion, .which .you diagnose .as .external .genital .warts. .Which .one .of .the .following .would .be .accurate .advice regarding .treatment?
.- .The .recurrence .rate .is .low .with .treatment.
.- .Cryotherapy .is .the .most .effective .treatment.
.- .Treatment .should .be .based .on .patient .preference.
.- .Treatment .is .effective .in .preventing .congenital .transmission .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Treatment .of .genital .warts .should .be .based .on .patient .preference .and .cost. .There .is .no .treatment .that .is .more .effective .than .others, .and .the .recurrence .rate .for .any .treatment .is .relatively .high.
pt .took .extra .pill .prescribed .by .psychiatrist. PMH: .depression
normal .RR, .HR diaphoretic resting .symmetrical .tremor 4+ .reflexes
dx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-derotonin .syndrome
pt .SOB d-dimer .is .positive what .test .to .order .next? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-CT .angiography .of .chest
pt .experience .increase .in .floaters .but .not .light .flashes .or .loss .of .vision.
dark .spot .in .the .periphery .of .her .right .eye .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-retinal .detachment
rx .COPD .exacerbations .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Prednisone,. 40 .mg .daily .for. 5 .days
pt .vs .ptt .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Prothrombin .Time .(PT).
Partial .Thromboplastin .Time .(PTT)
employees .with .>50 .employees .need .to .have .what .for .nursing .mothers? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-reasonable .unpaid .break .time .to .express .milk
pt .with .episodic .pains .in .rectum. happening .for .years occur .3-6weeks sharp, .cramp-like .pain. last .1-15min. no .GI .sx PE .normal.
dx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-proctalgia .fugax
lesion .in .forearm. looks .like .actinic .keratosis horn-like .projection .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-cutaenous .horn.
which .SSRI .cause .QT .prolongation .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-citalopram
recommended .drug .for .travelers' .diarrhea .in .Asia .- .CORRECT .ANSWER- azithromycin
recommended .drug .for .traveler's .diarrhea .in .central .america .and .africa .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-cipro
where .should .interpreter .sit? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-sit .next .to .or .slightly .behind .your .patient
rx .rosacea .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-metronidazole .lotion/cream/gel ivermectin .cream
Which .one .of .the .following .radiologic .features .is .most .predictive .of .malignancy .in .a .solitary .pulmonary .nodule?
.Smooth .borders.
.A .ground-glass .appearance. . Central .calcification .of .the .nodule.
.A .solid .density .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A .ground-glass .appearance.
others:
10mm upper .lung .location. irregular .borders no .calcifications. increasing .size .over .time
what .HA1c .cut .off .is .used .for .managing .elderly .pt .with .DM .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A1c. 8 .-. 9 .%
most .effective .meds .for .fibromylagia .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-TCAs
young .boy .still .bedwets PE .normal next .step? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-order .UA
- .if .normal, .reassure .parents
pt .with .CHF currently .on .lisinopril, .carvedilol. what .drug .should .be .added .on .to .decrease .mortality .and .risk .of .hosp?
Digoxin. Furosemide. Isosorbide .dinitrate/hydralazine .(BiDil).
Losartan .(Cozaar). Spironolactone .(Aldactone) .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-spirinolactone
don't .add .ARB .- .because .never .use .ACEi .with .ARB
exclusively .BF .babies .need .iron .supplements .from .__ .months? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-4 .months
which .of .the .following .meds .cause .vit .b12 .def?
.Aspirin. .Enalapril. .Metformin. .Simvastatin. .Hydrochlorothiazide .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-metformin
others:.
should .you .screen .for .cervical .cancer .in .pt .with .hysterectomy? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-no
age .of .CRC .screen .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-50 .-. 75
pt .with .acute .lumbar .pain .with .radiculopathy.
no .signs .of .cauda .equina .syndrome, .cancer, .infection .or .fracture
is .imaging .needed? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-no.
rx:. 6 .weeks .pain .meds, .PT
all .infants .with .down .syndrome .should .be .screened .for? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER- cardiac .problems .- .echocardiogram.
vision.
- .congenital .cataracts; .test .with .red .reflex.
hearing
thyroid.
hematologic
feeding .abnormaliies
croup .in .2yo.
for .all .infants .born .before .29weeks
pps .for .RSV
2 .- .12 .yo .boy. insidious .onset .of .pain .and .mild .limitation .ROM .of .one .hip .joint .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Idiopathic .osteonecrosis .of .the .hip .(Legg-Calvé-Perthes .disease)
adolescent .boy. insidious .onset .of .pain .and .mild .limitation .ROM .of .one .hip .joint .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Slipped .capital .femoral .epiphysis
first .line .for .n/v .in .pregnancy .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-vitamin .b +/- .doxylamine
pt .with. obesity. DM peripheral .neuropathy. seizure .d/o
newly .dx .with .depression. what .rx?
- .bupropion.
- .citalopram.
- .duloxetine
- .nortriptyline .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-duloxetine
pt .with .HTN.
wants .nonpharmacologic .intervention .to .manage .BP .- .CORRECT .ANSWER- monitor .home .BP .readings
limit .sodium .2400mg/day
diet .veggies, .fruits
limit .alcohol .2drinks/day .for .men .and .1drink/day .for .women
screening .rule .for .AAA .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-one .time abdominal .duplex .ultrasound male. 65 .-. 75 .yr ever .smoked. 100 .cigarettes .in .lifetime
COPT .pt complain .of .breathlessness uses .inhalers .- .albuterol .prn .and .LABA .daily .and .Anticholinergic .daily
what .can .improve .his .breathing .problem?.
- .Replace .his .inhaled .medications .with .nebulized .alternatives
- .Replace .his .tiotropium .with .ipratropium .(Atrovent).
- .Order .home .oxygen.
- .Refer .for .outpatient .pulmonary .rehabilitation .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Pulmonary .rehabilitation
- .use .for .COPD .pt .who .are .optimally .medically .managed.
- .imrpoved .exercise .capacity, .dyspena .and .health-related .QOL
note oxygen .only .improve .mortality .but .not .sx
pcos .pt. amenorrhea obese high .testosterone started .on .lifestyle .modifications .(wt .loss, .exercise) what .meds .can .be .added .as .part .of .initial .management? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER- metformin
- .helps .with .abnormal .menstruation
diffuse .ST .elevations .on .EKG acute .sharp .chest .pain .relieved .by .leaning .fwd
rx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-pericarditis
rx: .colchicine .+/- .NSAIDs
Severe .pain .and .skin .changes .outside .the .realm .of .cellulitis, .including .bullae .and .deeper .discoloration, .are .strong .indications .of .necrotizing .fasciitis. +fever
- .high .HR
- .extreme .pain .movement .of .joint
rx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-surgical .debridement
pt .with .thyroid .nodule .>1cm. next .step? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-measure .TSH.
if .results .abnormal, .do .a .radionuclide .thyroid .scan
=2 .cases .of .influenza .A .(H1N1) .in .a .nursing .home .is .an .outbreak
arb. ccb thiazide
severe .Dm .foot .ulcer. .rx .with:
A) .Amoxicillin/clavulanate .(Augmentin) B) .Linezolid .(Zyvox) C) .Ciprofloxacin .(Cipro) D) .Ceftriaxone .(Rocephin) .and .levofloxacin .(Levaquin) E) .Piperacillin/tazobactam .(Zosyn) .and .vancomycin .(Vancocin) .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Piperacillin/tazobactam .and .vancomycin.
- .covers .MRSA, .pseudomonas, .strep.
- .covers .gram .+ve, .gram .-ve .and .anerobes
2-18 .yo .BMI .categories
<5th .percentile 5 .- .85th .percentile 85 .- .94th .percentile
95 .percentile .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-2-18 .yo .BMI.
<5th .percentile .- .underwt. 5 .- .85th .percentile .- .nml. 85 .- .94th .percentile .- .overwt.
95 .percentile .- .obese
< .2yo .BMI .categories
.95th .percentile .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-< .2yo .BMI .categories
.95th .percentile .overwt.
there .is .no .obese .category
Which .one .of .the .following .is .true .regarding .respiratory .syncytial .virus .(RSV) .infection?
A) .Most .infections .in .the .United .States .occur .between .August .and .December
B) .Corticosteroids .should .be .a .routine .part .of .treatment
C) .The .diagnosis .is .usually .based .on .positive .serology
D) .It .is .rarely .associated .with .bacterial .co-infection .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-It .is .rarely .associated .with .bacterial .co-infection
Infection: .Nov-April.
Don't .use .steroids .for .rx
first .line .rx .CAP .in .infant/school-aged .child .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-amoxicillin
adolescent
- .azithromycin .to .cover .m. .pneumonaie
non-obese. 2-8 .yo .child with .OSA
rx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-adenotonsillectomy
- .peak .tonsil .growth .at .this .age
pt .with .CKD
- .low .ferritin.
- .low .hgb
- .low .hct.
- .MCV .<.
rx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-iron .supplement
- .Ferrous .sulfate .orally
adolescent .child .(teens) pain .in .groin .or .anterior .thigh .or .referred .pain .to .knee
- .limping dx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-slipped .capital .femoral .epiphysis
pt .with .PSD .should .be .started .on .____ .or .ptesent .CVD .eg .MI, .stroke .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-aspirin. clopidogrel
older .adult
dx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-hip .labral .tear
FABER .and .FADIR .detect .intra-articular .pathology
what .are .patient .oriented .outcomes .as .it .related .to .potential .effects .of .drugs? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-all-cause .mortality. morbidity. symptoms QOL
vaccine .with .increase .risk .of .febrile .seizures .for .children .- .CORRECT .ANSWER- mmr
whct .is .dx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Opioid-induced .hyperalgesia
management
- .reducing .the .current .opioid .dosage
- .eliminating .the .current .opioid .and .starting .another .opioid.
pt .unable .to .conceive regular .periods denies .heat/cold .tolerance sperm .test .normal.
what .test .to .order .next?
A) .Observation .for. 1 .year B) .TSH, .free .T4, .and .prolactin .levels C) .Hysterosalpingography D) .An .estradiol .level E) .A .luteal-phase .progesterone .level .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A .luteal-phase .progesterone .level
- .check .progesterone .level .after .ovulation
- .should .be .>5 .after .Day21 .of .cycle .to .indicate .ovulation.
- .if .<5, .then .no .ovulation
- .need .to .check .TSH, .T4 .and .prolactin .for .anovulation.
- .if .>5, .then .need .to .do .hysterosalpingography .for .any .obstruction
rx .acute .flare .up/exacerbations .of .MS .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-steroids
rx .for .serotonin .syndrome .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-benzos
if .non-responsive .to .benzos
dx .of.
sepsis severe .sepsis septic .shock .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-dx .of.
sepsis .- .high .WBCs
severe .sepsis .- .high .WBCs .and .organ .dysfunction .(Cr .>0.5, .thrombocytopenia, .hyperbilirubinemia)
septic .shock .- .hyperlactatemia, .hypotension .refractory .to .IV .fluids
list .things .that .minimize .pain .of .lidocaine .injection .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-- .buffer .the .solution .with .sodium .bicarbonate
- .warm .solution .to .room .temp.
- .inject .into .subQ .tissue
- .rapid .insertion .of .needle .in .skin.
- .inject .slowly .and .steadily .while .withdrawing .the .needle
children .with .what .diseases .are .indicated .for .second .dose .of .pneumococcal .polysaccharide .vaccine? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-- .sickle .cell .disease
- .anatomic .of .functional .asplenia
- .HIV+
- .immunocompromised .with .renal .failure .or .leukemia
leading .cause .of .death .in .RA .pts
A) .Infections B) .Coronary .artery .disease C) .Thromboembolic .disease D) .Lymphoma E) .Lung .cancer .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-CAD
what .do .you .advice .parents .of .a .5yo .with .uncomplicated .femoral .anteversion .(in-toeing) .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-observation
Effective .treatments .for .obsessive-compulsive .disorder .include A) .Freudian .analysis B) .benzodiazepines C) .amphetamine .salts D) .atypical .antipsychotics E) .repetitive .exposure .to .fearful .stimuli .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-repetitive .exposure .to .fearful .stimuli
rx .postherpatic .neuralgia .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-lidocaine .patches
capsaicin .cream/patches
gabapentin .po.
pregablin .po
amitriptyline .po
elderly .pt intense .retro-orbital .HA
- .neck .pain. high .BP. HA .continue .for .hours
pt .with .hx .easy .bruising currently .asymptomatic Platelets .- .less .than .normal.
A .workup .is .negative .for.
- .autoimmune .causes, .including .Graves .disease, .HIV, .Epstein-Barr .virus, .cytomegalovirus, .varicella .zoster, .hepatitis .C, .and .Helicobacter .pylori
dx? rx? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-idipathic .(immune) .thrombocytopenic .purpura
rx: .steroids
Terminally .ill .cancer .patients .who .receive .palliative .chemotherapy .are.
are ._____ .likely .to .die .at .home are ._____ .likely .to .undergo .CPR are ._____ .likely .to .undergo .mechanical .ventilation are .referred .to .hospice .______ .(earlier .or .later) .in .their .disease .course .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Terminally .ill .cancer .patients .who .receive .palliative .chemotherapy .are.
are .less .likely .to .die .at .home
are .more .likely .to .undergo .CPR
are .more .likely .to .undergo. mechanical .ventilation
are .referred .to .hospice .later .in .their .disease .course
rx .COPD .exacerbation .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Oral .prednisone .for. 5 .days
tamoxifen .vs .raloxifene.
- .breast.
- .bone
- .endometrium .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-tamoxifen
- .breast: .estrogen .antagonist.
- .bone: .estrogen .agonist.
- .endometrium: .estrogen .agonist.
raloxifene.
- .breast: .estrogen .antagonist.
- .bone: .estrogen .agonist.
- .endometrium: .estrogen .antagonist
CI .for .OCPs .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Age. ≥35 .years .and .smoking. ≥15 .cigarettes .per .day
●Multiple .risk .factors .for .arterial .cardiovascular .disease .(such .as .older .age, .smoking, .diabetes, .and .hypertension)
●Hypertension .(systolic. ≥160 .mmHg .or .diastolic. ≥100 .mmHg)
●Venous .thromboembolism
●Known .thrombogenic .mutations
●Known .ischemic .heart .disease
●History .of .stroke
●Complicated .valvular .heart .disease .(pulmonary .hypertension, .risk .for .atrial .fibrillation, .history .of .subacute .bacterial .endocarditis)
●Systemic .lupus .erythematosus .(positive .or .unknown .antiphospholipid .antibodies)
●Migraine .with .aura .at .any .age
●Breast .cancer
●Cirrhosis
●Hepatocellular .adenoma .or .malignant .hepatoma
CI .for .Levo .(progestin .only) .- .IUD .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-hx .breast .cancer hx .liver .cancer. suspected .pregnancy. acute .pelvic .infection. severe .distortion .of .uterine .cavity
what .can .be .given .to .decrease .nighttime .cough .and .improve .sleep .in .children .(>1 .YEAR)? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-honey.
- .do .not .give .to .children .<1yr .old
how .many .arteries .and .vein .on .umbilical .cord .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-2 .arteries
- .originate .from .internal .iliac .a
1 .vein
rx .trochanteric .bursitis.
- .lateral .hip .pain .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-steroid .injection
Treatment .of .rhabdomyolysis?
